Religious Rivalries Chapter 2- Section 3

Guided Reading Question? What were the motives behind the Age of Exploration?

Religious Rivalries The Europeans who explored and settled in North America in the 1500s sought wealth. (GOLD) They also wanted to spread their Christian faith. The first to arrive were Roman Catholic. (GOD) They also wanted to have the biggest empires with the most land and to spread their culture to other areas of the world because they believed their cultures were superior (GLORY)

Luther and the Reformation In 1517 a German priest named Martin Luther nailed 95 theses- a list of complaints on the door of a local Catholic church, questioning the power and authority of Catholic leaders—including the pope, the head of the Catholic Church.  Luther hoped to spark reform (movement) within the Church, but Pope Leo X rejected his ideas. Others agreed with Luther. His ideas helped launch a movement called the Reformation. The movement led to a new form of Christianity called Protestantism. The Reformation led to widespread conflict within and between the nations of Europe.

Video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1o8oIELbNxE

Fall of the Spanish Armada 1. Religious and economic rivalry led Spain and England to go to war in the 1580s. 2. Spain built a huge naval fleet known as the Spanish Armada 3. In 1588, England destroyed the Spanish Armada Consequences: Spain could no longer use its military to keep England from creating colonies the “New World” England began to colonize in America

Religious Rivalries in the Americas Catholics from Spain and France worked to spread their faith among the Native Americans. Religious differences contributed to the rivalries between these settlements. Spain/France = Catholic Holland (Dutch)/English = Protestant

Search for a Northwest Passage Something else that contributed to competition among these colonies was the race to discover a Northwest Passage. Explorers also hoped to discover a northwest passage to Asia, a direct water route through the Americas.

Northwest Passage Explorers England John Cabot, 1497 France Giovanni de Verrazano, 1524 Explored eastern coast of modern US Jacques Cartier, 1535 Sailed St. Lawrence River (discovered what is now Montreal) The Netherlands (Holland) Henry Hudson, 1609 (river/ bay named after him)

Exploring the Mississippi River In 1682 Robert Cavelier de La Salle followed the Mississippi all the way to the Gulf of Mexico. He claimed the region for France, calling it Louisiana in honor of Louis XIV. In 1718 the French founded New Orleans.

French and Dutch Settlements In 1663 New France became a royal colony. French settlement in North America advanced slowly. New France was made up of estates along the St. Lawrence River. The French got along well with the Native Americans. French trappers and missionaries lived among them, learned their languages, and respected their ways. The missionaries had come to convert Native Americans to Catholicism, but they did not try to change their customs. After Hudson’s voyage, the Dutch began to explore the Americas.

Recap Martin Luther – German Priest (Protestant Reformation) John Cabot – Italian but represented England. (Northwest Passage) Giovannie Verrazano – Italian but represented France. (Northwest Passage)

SQ3R What is SQ3R Reading Method? Survey Question Read Recite Review

Survey Before you read: Survey (scan) the chapter. Look at: Headings Subheadings Titles Captions under pictures Charts Graphs and Maps Bold vocabulary words

Question? While you are surveying Turn the title, heading, and subheadings into questions. Use who, what, when, where, why, and how to make questions. Read the questions at the end of the subheadings. Think about what you already know about the subject. Make up questions about the text.

When You Begin to Read Look for answers to the questions you first thought about. Answer questions at the beginning or end of the chapters or study guides. Reread captions under pictures, graphs, etc.

Continue to Read Note all the underlined, italicized, BOLD printed words or phrases. Study graphic aids Reduce your speed for difficult parts Stop and reread parts which are not clear Read only a section at a time and recite after each section.

Recite After You’ve Read A Section Orally ask yourself questions about what you just read or summarized, in your own words, what you read Take notes from the text but write down the information in your own words. Underline or highlight important points you’ve read

SQ3R Success By learning SQ3R and using the SQ3R Reading Method, you will improve your memory and perform better in your academic subjects.