Drinking water visualisation WISE workshop 12th of December 2011 BX Adriana.hulsmann@kwrwater.nl

IDEAS (First) ideas as a start for the discussion and decision making process (16th July 2008)

The art of simplifying Not all info stored in WISE needs to be made visible. We have to answer the question: What needs to be viewed by whom, when and why. What is interesting for: EC/national/local authorities Scientists Public

Questions to answer What to visualise For whom (target audience) How: Level of visualisation (geographic detail) Which information (scientific detail)

What to visualise Drinking water quality in EU MS First question: Large WSZs > 5000 people (15.000 WSZs) Small WSZs 50-5000 people Both small and large WSZs Answer:

Target audience: general public and professionals General public Professional Geographic detail Scientific detail

Geographic detail Question two: which geographic detail? Answer: European level Member State level (Region/Federation/Province) Water Supply Zone level (Future: estate/street level) Answer: Note the answer to question 2 will relate to the level of scientific detail

Scientific detail (1) Question three: Which information Answer: Information on compliance and non-compliance Which parameters: A microbiology (compliance/non-compliance) B chemical (compliance/non-compliance) C indicator (alternative for (non)compliance) All parameters or key parameters and which to select that are of EU relevance Answer: Note to question 3: C parameters are very important for the trust and confidence of the consumer

Scientific detail (2) Click through possibility for more detailed information on: Non-compliant/problem parameters Values found General information on the parameter and the relevance of the non-compliance/health implications

Scientific detail (3) In the case of non-compliance Action plans to restore (A+B parameters) the quality Action plans to improve (C parameters) the quality Time frames/schedule Progress to date Trends in quality

Issues to address Question 4: Question 5: How to indicate non-compliance due to domestic installations Question 5: How to distinguish between no information due to irrelevance of the parameter and due to non-compliance with monitoring requirements

Issues to address (2) Question 6: Question 7: Question 8: Make a direct link with national websites/ databases National contacts and national legislation Additional and stricter standards Types of water exempted etc etc Question 7: How to visualise population affected by non-compliance Question 8: Visualisation of derogations in place

Visualisation in the future All WSZs in EU MS are compliant unless …… Map of EUMS is green except for some “hot spots” indicated on the map where remedial action is ongoing/planned Information on remedial actions, time frames, progress and trends Information on relevance of n.c. parameters (Health impacts/epidemiological information)

Possible ways forward Ideas for combination of tabular and pie-chart presentations at various geographic levels Example of the visualisation EMPACT used in Tucson, Arizona

EXAMPLES OF GRAPHICAL PRESENTATION AT EC/MS LEVEL AGGREGATED NATIONAL DATA ON THE MAP OF EUROPE AGGREGATED REGIONAL DATA ON THE NATIONAL MAP OF THE MS DATA AT WSZ LEVEL ON DETAILED MAPS OF THE MS

Graphic presentation based on three levels Level 1: EU with aggregated data for each MS Level 2: MS with aggregated level for a number of WSZ (provinces, departements, river basins, counties …) Level 3: WSZ with aggregated data on all samples taken in that WSZ

Level 1: EU Aggregated data for each MS

At EU level This is a combination of tabular and graphic format The map of the EU shows the MS The user can click on a national summary for each MS: tabular option or The user can use a scroll down menu for three graphic options to visualise aggregated info at MS level as pie-charts: Microbiological quality (A parameters) Chemical quality (B parameters) Indicator parameters (C parameters)

At EU level: national summaries The user can click on the option national summary and a table will pop-up for that MS National level for each MS: Tabular format Select parameters that cause more than x% non-compliance annually (x could be 1%, 5%, 10%)

Visualisation in pie-charts Microbiological parameters Chemical parameters Indicator parameters

Colour coding for visualisation > 95% compliance Green (including non-relevant parameters that do not need to be monitored) > 90% compliance : Blue > 75% compliance : Orange < 75% non compliance : Red No or insufficient information: Grey

Example microbiological parameters Assume a MS with 100 WSZ > 5000 people 60 WSZ: both A parameters > 95% compliance 20 WSZ: both A parameters > 90% compliance 15 WSZ: both A parameters > 75% compliance 5 WSZ: one of the A parameters < 75% compliance

Example A parameters

Level 1: EU Aggregated data for each MS A parameters

Example B parameters Assume a MS with 100 WSZ > 5000 people 40 WSZ: All B parameters > 95% compliance 25 WSZ: All B parameters > 90% compliance 20 WSZ: All B parameters > 75% compliance 10 WSZ: one or more B parameters < 75% compliance 5 WSZ: insufficient information

Example B parameters

Level 2: MS Regions Aggregated data for a Region in a MS: data aggregated for a number of WSZ For the three parameter groups or selected key parameter e.g. Nitrate

Information at national and or regional level Graphic information for individual WSZs or clusters of WSZs in regions Using pie-charts with colour coding for the three groups of parameters (A, B and C) Selection of key parameters

Trends in drinking water quality Data are presented on an annual basis Additional information could show trends for selected parameters

Selection of parameters In the pie-charts select all or key parameters: A parameters: Enterococci (add E.coli?) B parameters: Arsenic, THM, Nitrate (add ….?) C parameters: Coliform bacteria, CC22, Iron, Manganese, Aluminium, Sulphate (add….?)

At MS Regional level Graphic presentation of key A, B, C parameters for the MS Percentage of compliance in the WSZ in the Region for each key parameter in the MS

Example selected key parameter Nitrate: Graphic presentation at Regional level: Example of nitrate compliance in the various WSZs in a region of a Member State Percentage of WSZ in this level with >95-100% compliance with nitrate value DWD: green . > 90% compliance with nitrate value DWD: blue > 75% compliance with nitrate value DWD: orange < 75% compliance with nitrate value DWD: red Insufficient information on nitrate: grey

Level 3: WSZ Aggregated data for each WSZ

Example selected key parameter:nitrate Graphic presentation at WSZ level Percentage of samples in the WSZ with >95-100% compliance with nitrate value DWD: green . > 90% compliance with nitrate value DWD: blue > 75% compliance with nitrate value DWD: orange < 75% compliance with nitrate value DWD: red Insufficient information on nitrate: grey

Derogations Forms D1, D2, D3 of the Guidance Document Information on derogations in force At national level Tabular information Graphic information, based upon maps At EU level Graphic information based upon maps for selected parameters Parameters most frequently derogated: Arsenic, fluoride, nitrate, iron and pesticides (atrazine, desethylatrazine)

Tucson Water is a department of the City of Tucson which operates as a public utility serving approximately 720,000 people.

What’s the Quality of Our Drinking Water? And Why is it Important to You?

What is Tucson’s Water Quality? 22 On-line Water Quality Monitoring Stations

Nitrate as Nitrogen Nitrate as Nitrogen can occur in drinking water supplies from both natural sources and human activities (such as fertilizer use, munitions manufacturing, and septic systems). The EPA's health-based limit for nitrate as nitrogen in drinking water is 10 mg/L - all of Tucson's water supplies have nitrate as nitrogen levels below this limit. For more information on water quality, see our Terms and Definitions page.

Thank you

Questions for discussion What to visualise large/small WSZs Which level: geographic detail Which level: scientific detail How: pie-charts/tabular/all parameters/key parameters Non-compliance due to domestic installation No information available Link national site/data base Population affected Derogations