2J America: A Nation Divided, c1845–1877 What impact did Lincoln and the Emancipation Proclamation have on the war? 2J America: A Nation Divided, c1845–1877

Flip Learning Hope you all had a good Holiday, before we broke up you were asked to do the following: TASK: Whilst I come around and check your homework, please on a whiteboard, summarise your understanding of Reconstruction. What is Reconstruction? Dates? Key people? Key events? Due in: Watch the second part of the Reconstruction documentary and answer the questions you were given

Reconstruction (1863-1877) Reconstruction addressed how the eleven states that seceded would be brought back into the Union. There had never been done before and the Constitution offered little guidance. Key issues that arise in this period include: The power of the Branches of Government Emancipation vs. Black Civil Rights Corruption Presidents in this period: Abraham Lincoln > Andrew Johnson > Ulysses S. Grant > Rutherford B Hayes 1860-1865 1865-1869 1869-1877 1877-1881

What impact did Lincoln and the Emancipation Proclamation have on the war? UNDERSTAND how the Emancipation Proclamation came about and role of Lincoln EXPLAIN the impact of the Emancipation and the role of African Americans on the war EVALUATE the impact the war had on the north and the south Key Words: Emancipation Proclamation

The road to the Emancipation Proclamation Whilst the American Civil War ended in 1865, studying Reconstruction requires us to look at the War years. TASK: Write down everything you know about the Emancipation Proclamation already in your notes. UNDERSTAND how the Emancipation Proclamation came about and role of Lincoln EXPLAIN the impact of the Emancipation and the role of African Americans on the war EVALUATE the impact the war had on the north and the south

The road to the Emancipation Proclamation Add anything you have missed in green pen The Emancipation Proclamation that was considered a ‘fit and necessary war measure’ which freed slaves within the rebel states. It has been argued that the Emancipation Proclamation, transformed the nature of the Civil War and the Union war effort. Until then, from the North, it had been a war to preserve the Union and to restore the rebellious states to their pre-war status. Now it had also become a war for freedom. The Battle of Antietam in September 1862 offered the ‘victory’ Lincoln needed. Despite it tactically being a draw, Confederate General Robert E. Lee was forced to abandon the offensive and retreat into Virginia. On the 22nd September Lincoln released the Preliminary Emancipation Proclamation. The rebellious states were offered 100 days to return to the Union and adopt some form of gradual or immediate emancipation; otherwise, slaves in the Confederacy states would be “forever free”. Despite of this, none of the rebellious states returned. The South were aware of how important slavery was. The Montgomery Adviser in 1861 stated that “the institution of slavery in the South alone enables her to place in the field a force much larger in proportion to her white population than the North…This institution is a tower of strength to the South”. Despite this, the unconquered South ignored the Preliminary Proclamation as an empty threat that presented no real change on how the war should be fought. UNDERSTAND how the Emancipation Proclamation came about and role of Lincoln EXPLAIN the impact of the Emancipation and the role of African Americans on the war EVALUATE the impact the war had on the north and the south

The road to the Emancipation Proclamation Now we need to look at how the Emancipation Proclamation came about. To do this you are going to be faced with a series of decisions that Lincoln had to make. You will need to workout what is the best cause of action. TASK: As you go through you will have to: Make notes on what happens at each stage Think about why Lincoln is making these decisions. What is his motive? UNDERSTAND how the Emancipation Proclamation came about and role of Lincoln EXPLAIN the impact of the Emancipation and the role of African Americans on the war EVALUATE the impact the war had on the north and the south

A B C 30 20 10 Use p.184 (paragraphs 1 and 2) to make notes You are Abraham Lincoln and the American Civil War has just begun. What is your stance on emancipation going into the war? A My priority is to maintain Northern unity. Therefore, I have no intention on interfering with Slavery Use p.184 (paragraphs 1 and 2) to make notes B My priority is to end slavery. I will pursue emancipation from the offset of the war. C I want this war to end quickly. I will just support slavery. 30 20 10

A B C 20 30 10 Free the slaves Follow the Fugitive Slave Law You are the federal government. Refugee slaves are arriving at camps in occupied areas in the South. The Fugitive Slave laws says they should be returned to their owner. What do you do? Use p.184 (contraband section) to make notes A Follow the Fugitive Slave Law B Confiscate slaves as contraband of war C Free the slaves 20 30 10

A B C 20 10 30 Make your views on the abolition of slavery heard You are a Radical Republican There is little likelihood that Confederate states will be enticed back into the Union. What do you do? Use pp.184-5 (Radical Republican section) to make notes A Beg the Confederate States to re-join the Union B Nothing C Make your views on the abolition of slavery heard 20 10 30

A B C 30 20 10 Let him free the slaves in Missouri but no where else You are Abraham Lincoln (again). General Fremont has issued a proclamation freeing the slaves of Confederate supporters in Missouri. What do you do? Use pp.185 (Lincoln’s view in 1861) to make notes A Orders that Fremont rescinds his order B Use this as an opportunity to abolish slavery in other areas C Let him free the slaves in Missouri but no where else 30 20 10

A B C 10 30 10 Nothing Take action against slavery You are Congress. It is 1862. What do you do in relation to slavery? Use pp.186 (Congressional measures in 1862) to make notes A Nothing B Take action against slavery C Have a revelation and suggest that slavery should be compulsory in all states 10 30 10

A B C 30 20 10 Nothing. It is still not my priority You are Lincoln (again). It is 1862. What do you do in relation to the emancipation of slavery? Use pp.186-7 (Lincoln’s views, spring/summer 1862) to make notes A Take a bold step in the direction of emancipating slavery B Take small steps in the direction of emancipating slavery C Nothing. It is still not my priority 30 20 10

A B C 20 10 30 Issue the Emancipation Proclamation Have a party! You are Lincoln (again). It is 22nd September 1862. The Union has just won at Antietam. What do you do? Use pp.187 (The Emancipation Proclamation) to make notes A Have a party! B Follow Seward's advice and wait until after the victory in the war C Issue the Emancipation Proclamation 20 10 30

What do you feel was Lincoln’s main motive for passing the Emancipation Proclamation? Explain your answer MORAL ANTIETAM FOREIGN RELATIONS MILITARY FUTURE OF THE USA UNDERSTAND how the Emancipation Proclamation came about and role of Lincoln EXPLAIN the impact of the Emancipation and the role of African Americans on the war EVALUATE the impact the war had on the north and the south

Using the information on page 189, do you agree with the view of Lincoln being the ‘Great Emancipator’? AGREE DISAGREE UNDERSTAND how the Emancipation Proclamation came about and role of Lincoln EXPLAIN the impact of the Emancipation and the role of African Americans on the war EVALUATE the impact the war had on the north and the south

Flip Learning For next lesson you will need to: TASK: For next week (I expect you to spend some time on this) you will need to create a timeline for reconstruction. Use the next slide to help guide what you need to include. You will need to make some overview notes on each of the sections.

RECONSTRUCTION Johnson’s impeachment p.203 Thirteenth Amendment p.189 Freedmen Bureau p.193 Fourteenth Amendment p.202 Lincoln’s assassination p.197 Andrew Johnson: who is he? P.197-8 1866 Civil Rights Act p.201 Johnson’s Christmas amnesty Johnson’s impeachment p.203 President Grant p.203 Fifteenth Amendment p.204 Klu Klux Klan p.209-10 1875 Civil Rights Act p.1875 1876 Presidential election p.214 http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=72360 Christmas amnesty