Revision II

The Historical Development of Law What was the earliest source of law before the advent of writing? Which was one of the earliest written codes? What was the earliest codification of Roman law? Which codification had the greatest impact on European legal systems?

Vocabulary revision Customary law Canon law Common law To dispense with law Redress of grievances

Translation Common law originally meant the common law of England as opposed to local customary laws. England acquired a common law at an early date because it had a strong centralized monarchy before most other parts of Europe. In the 12th century, under Henry II (1154-1189 AD) the royal courts extended their jurisdiction at the expense of local and feudal courts.

Legal Systems of the World Which five factors create a legal system, according to Hart? How can legal systems be classified? Which are main sources of law? What are common law systems based on?

Vocabulary revision To compensate for injury To repeal a rule Case law Binding decision Civil law system

Translation Civil law is the creation of two elites: a Roman elite of jurists and a European elite of university-trained lawyers. The common law is the creation of an English elite of judges

State Governance and Administration of Justice Which are the three branches of government? Which names may a legislature bear? What is the main task of the executive? Which branch enforces the law? Explain the system of checks and balances!

Vocabulary revision To enact law To design and implement policies Adjudication To cast a vote of no confidence To abrogate provisions of law

Translation The judicial branch of government administers justice within a number of systems, depending on the type of dispute. The principal line is drawn between the civil and criminal law, which is enforced through a system of civil and criminal courts respectively.

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