Skeletal system

Review Names of Muscles

Review Other Structures: Tendons Ligaments Cartilage Tendons tie muscle to the bone, ligaments link the bones, and cartilage coats the bones.

Interesting Schtuff about Bones Bones have the same strength as cast iron and remain as light as wood If calcium levels in the body get too high or low the muscles and nerves will not function properly When women become pregnant they may, and usually do, take calcium from their own bones in order to help out in the womb

Write your guess to these in your notebooks. How many bones are in the body? What’s the purpose of having bones? (4 answers) What are the different types of bones? (5 answers) ON average the human body consists of having 206 bones in the body. If adults have 206 how many do infants have? That number ranges from 300-350…How? The knee caps aka the patella are not there in children but in adults and what about the baby’s soft head… the smooth flat bones have not fused together yet to form the skull.

Discussion: Youtube: The Human Skeletal System What Were the Purposes of Bones: Protection Structure Regulating minerals Movement Why do need bones in the first place. Bones help with the human structure as well as provide nutrients to the body such as calcium. They allow for muscle/tendon to attach to them which help the body to move.

Long Bones Some of the longest bones in the body and some of the smallest. longer than are wide, growth plates (epiphysis) at either end, hard outer surface (compact bone) and a spongy inner cavity (cancellous bone). Both ends covered in cartilage for protection and shock absorption.

Short Bones Approximately as wide as long, Provide support and stability with little movement. Contain large amounts of bone marrow Examples: Carpals and Tarsals - the wrist and foot bones.

Flat Bones Strong, flat plates of bone Provide protection Base for muscular attachment In adults, the highest number of red blood cells are formed here. Examples: Scapula (shoulder blade). The Sternum (breast bone), Cranium (skull), os coxae (hip bone) Pelvis and Ribs are also classified as flat bones.

Irregular Bones Don’t fall into any other category, due to their non-uniform shape. Examples of these are the Vertebrae, Sacrum and Mandible (lower jaw).

Sesamoid Bones Usually short or irregular bones, embedded in a tendon. Usually present in a tendon that passes over a joint and protects the tendon. Example: Patella (knee cap) which sits within the Patella or Quadriceps tendon.

Review What do tendons do? What do ligaments do? What does cartilage do? With a partner, name the five kinds of bones.

Bones Front View (Anterior)

Back View (Posterior)

Assignment: Make a skeleton out of the medium of your choice and label the 20 bones that are on your chart. Due: Oct. 29