Azipod® Energy Efficiency In Marine Propulsion Jukka Varis, Vice President Technology Azipod, Helsinki, August 30, 2011 Azipod® Energy Efficiency In Marine Propulsion

Azipod® concept Steering Drives Cooling Air Unit Slipring Unit Steering Motor Propulsion Module Steering Module © ABB Group April 8, 2019 | Slide 2

Azipod® propulsion module Shaft seal Non-drive-end bearing Electric motor Drive-end bearing © ABB Group April 8, 2019 | Slide 3

Azipod vs. shaftline propulsion Conventional diesel- elctric propulsion Azipod propulsion Brief introduction of two identical sister vessels. Note hull form was not modified to suit Azipod

Power plant concept, optimizing fuel consumption Gen 2 Gen 3 Gen 4 4 Gens are on - line all the time The engines run at constant speed and optimum number of engines can be selected to minimize the specific oil consumption Gen 1 Gen 2 Gen 3 Gen4 © ABB Group April 8, 2019 | Slide 5

Benefits in hydrodynamics Pushing propeller Uneven wakefield for the propeller due to disturbances from hull, strut and shaft bracket Added resistance from appendages such as rudders, shaft brackets and stern thrusters Optimum wakefield due to Pulling propeller Lack of shaft line and shaft brackets etc. Location of the pod unit Due to power plant priciple and lack of long shaftlines there is freedom to optimize the hull form No separate stern thrusters and rudders © ABB Group April 8, 2019 | Slide 6

Azipod® propulsion saves up to 15% fuel Fuel savings in 2010 over 100’000 tons Improved efficiency and reduced fuel consumption Typically improvement in hydrodynamic efficiency about 10 -15 % compared to shaftline systems Total fuel savings depend on ship type, power plant configuration and operational profile Total estimated savings of Azipod fleet in 2010 were in the range of 100’000 – 150’000 tons of fuel oil Better cavitation characteristics Improved comfort due to reduced propeller vibrations and noise levels The picture shows clearly that therer is not any obstacles or disturbances for the water flow to the Azipod propellers © ABB Group April 8, 2019 | Slide 7

Azipod, Designed for improved safety Comparison between cruise vessel Elation (with Azipod) and her sister Vessel (with shaftline) The graph shows how the vessel heading is changing from full speed with full power after the steering angle has turned to 35 degrees on Azipod vessel and to 40 degrees on sister vessel with rudders. Distance between the lines is 100m. © ABB Group April 8, 2019 | Slide 8

Azipod, Designed for improved safety Generally crash stop distance is about 60 – 70 % of the distance for equal size shaft line vessels Azipod vessel has its steerability over the whole crash stop period For twin Azipod vessels recommended to make the crash stop by turning the pod units 35-45 degrees outwards until the speed drops to about 15 knots. Then turn the pods outwards around to 180 degrees (propellers rotating continuously to the same direction) © ABB Group April 8, 2019 | Slide 9

Excellency in manoeuvrability ”The Azipods allow me to direct the power exactly where I want it, giving me the confidence to manoeuvre within a decimeter of where I want” Captain William Wright, Master of Oasis of the Seas Marine Propulsion and Auxiliary Machinery Dec/Jan 2009/10 © ABB Group April 8, 2019 | Slide 10

Superior operation in ice Motor overtorque to match ice operation needs Full torque at low RPM No need for a nozzle propeller Suitable for bow first and stern first icebreaking (DAS, Double Acting Ship) Full torque available also in reverse RPMs © ABB Group April 8, 2019 | Slide 11

Azipod XO next generation - Main new features and improvements Easier access to Azipod unit Designed for extended docking intervals (min. 5 years) Hydrodynamic Efficiency improved 2-3% Non drive end hybrid bearing Interspace seal arrangement © ABB Group April 8, 2019 | Slide 12

Interspace - Revolutionary Shaft Seal Arrangement (* ) depending on frame size Simple, robust and proven technology Seal change possible inside the Azipod unit *) Patent pending Possible leak can be monitored Bearing seals fully separated from sea water seals © ABB Group April 8, 2019 | Slide 13

Hybrid Bearing, innovation which combines the advantages of two different types of bearings Thrust pad change inside Azipod unit without drydocking Well known and proven technologies Designed to be robust with minimum maintenance costs Non-drive-end radial roller bearing Slide thrust bearing Redundant lubrication Patent pending © ABB Group April 8, 2019 | Slide 14

Efficiency development history New developments With yearly propulsion fuel oil consumption of 25 000 tons, 10% equals 1.25 MUSD/year (assuming bunker cost 500 USD/ton) Azipod XO development New profile and geometry optimisation for Solstice and Genesis Class New profile on strut and fin on last vessels of Voyager Class >9% Added fin Radiance Class First cruise liners Elation, Paradise First generation Azipod propulsion 7.5% - 9% Fantasy Class Diesel electric conventional shaftline propulsion system *) Compared to reference diesel – electric shaft line cruise liner 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 Designed for fuel saving up to 20%! *) © ABB Group April 8, 2019 | Slide 15

Azipod® Propulsion System benefits Improved fuel efficiency and reduced life cycle cost Reduced emissions Excellent manoeuvrability Operational safety Space savings, more cabin or cargo space No need for separate rudders, long shaftlines and stern thrusters Remarkably improved comfort onboard Possibility to utilize smaller and optimized power plant © ABB Group April 8, 2019 | Slide 16

Summary of Azipod references, May 2011 Vessel type Number Cruise vessels 48 Ice going vessels Ice breakers, Arctic cargo vessels 27 Ferries 8 Yachts 7 Recearch vessels 5 Offshore support vessels Other special vessels Pipe layer, Crane vessel, Heavy lift, Patrol vessel, WTI 6 Drilling rigs 2 Azipod XO Azipod XC (CRP) Azipod CO Total delivered or on order: 233 Azipod® units 108 vessels Total Propulsion Power: 2 400 MW Installation at more than 30 different shipyards About 6.000.000 operating hours © ABB Group April 8, 2019 | Slide 17

World First Double Acting Tankers Azipod enables to operate without ice-breaker assistance Double Acting Tankers Mastera and Tempera Owner: Neste Oil Finland Yard: Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Japan Single 16 MW Azipod propulsion Ice Class 1A Super Azipod allows for independent operation in heavy ice conditions © ABB Group April 8, 2019 | Slide 18

World’s First Vessels with counter-rotating Azipod Two fast ferries Akashia and Hamanasu Two Newbuildings Owner: Shin Nihonkai Ferry Company Shipyard: Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Japan ABB deliveries: 2005 / 2006 2011 Azipod allows for 3.000 tons of fuel savings per year Azipod allows for speed of up to 31.5 knots © ABB Group April 8, 2019 | Slide 19

World’s Biggest Cruise Vessels rely on Azipod Picture from STX Europe Cruise Vessels Oasis of the Seas and Allure of the Seas Owner: Royal Caribbean International Yard: STX Europe, Finland Each vessel has three 20 MW Azipod units, generators, switchboards and propulsion drives Azipod allows for 4.500 tons of fuel savings per year Azipod allows to build such big cruise vessels © ABB Group April 8, 2019 | Slide 20

New concept: Rudderpod™ CRP Main engine (ME) Rudderpod strut fixed to ship hull M Electric motor Rudder Potential for higher hydrodynamic efficiency Continuous propeller hubs Fixed position of both propellers Ordinary rudder steering gear © ABB Group April 8, 2019 | Slide 21

© ABB Group April 8, 2019 | Slide 22