#53 Ch.10.1 Notes Imperialism and America OBJECTIVE: Learn how economic activity led to political and military involvement overseas.

I. American Expansionism Imperialism- policy of expanding control over weaker nations. In 1800s, Africa and Asia is divided up by Europe. U.S. needs raw materials, new markets for goods. Foreign trade is the solution to overproduction, unemployment, and depression.

Belief in Cultural Superiority Some combine Social Darwinism and the belief in superiority of Anglo-Saxons. Argue U.S. has the duty to Christianize, civilize “inferior peoples”

II. The U.S. Acquires Alaska William Seward- Secretary of State under Lincoln and Johnson. 1867: Arranges and purchases Alaska from Russia for 7.2 million. Alaska rich in timber, minerals, and oil. Jan.1959: Became a U.S. State.

III. The U.S. Takes Hawaii The Cry for Annexation: Since 1790s, U.S. merchants stop in Hawaii on way to China, India. 1820s, Yankee missionaries found schools, churches, on islands. Mid 1800s, Americans owned sugar plantations and 75% of islands wealth. 1887, U.S. pressures Hawaii to allow naval base at Pearl Harbor.

1890 McKinley Tariff eliminates duty-free status of Hawaiian sugar. Hawaiian sugar will now be taxed in America. Planters in Hawaii call for U.S. to annex islands so will not have to pay duty (tax).

The End of a Monarchy 1887, U.S. businessmen force King Kalakaua to limit vote to wealthy landowners. 1891, Queen Liliuokalani tries to remove landowning requirement.

With help of Marines, business groups overthrow Queen. Setup government headed by Sanford B. Dole. 1897: President McKinley favored annexation of Hawaii. 1898: Hawaii became an American territory. Aug.1959: Hawaii became the 50th state of the U.S.

Short Answer Responses (2-3 sentences each) Ch.10.1 Q’s Short Answer Responses (2-3 sentences each) Provide specific examples to support your argument. Provide a short argument in support of U.S. imperialism during the late 1800s/early 1900s Provide a short argument against U.S. Imperialism during the late 1800s/early 1900s.