Warm- up: Benefits of Free Enterprise Copy the word and definition in your journal Benefit – an advantage, to gain List 3 things that you would consider beneficial to the U.S. because of free enterprise.

I can Explain how technology and industrialization changed life in the U.S.

Benefits of a free market system during the Industrial Revolution Specialization Foreign investors U.S. Constitution protects owners and workers Diverse economy that met the needs of the U.S. when it was needed Less dependent on foreign markets Helped the Industrial Revolution

Technology made production – Faster & More Efficient (create a T -chart in your notes) Inventions Cotton gin – Interchangeable parts- Bessemer steel process – Mechanical reaper - Effect

Cotton Gin Invented by Eli Whitney Made the cotton cleaning process much more efficient Enabled cotton farmers to grow more cotton and expand cotton growing territory which: Forced Native Americans further west Increased work force (need for more slaves) Supplied northern factories with more cotton

Interchangeable Parts Made parts nearly identical so that they could fit into any similar device Made assembly and repair of new devices much easier Led to mass production Guns were much easier to repair, so gun technology rapidly advanced

Bessemer Process Allowed steel to be made much more cheaply and efficiently Steel was stronger and lasted longer than iron or any other building material Steel was used to make railroad tracks, impacting westward expansion The steel industry increased demand for oil and coal, thus stimulating those industries as well

Invented by Cyrus McCormick Greatly increased farm productivity Mechanical Reaper Invented by Cyrus McCormick Greatly increased farm productivity

Warm Up: Social Impact of New Innovations How did the cotton gin affect society in the south? In the north? How did the factory system affect society? How might failure to improve transportation have affected the economic and social development of the U.S.?

Social Effects of new innovations Economic

Social Effects of new innovations Economic *more interaction of people from diverse backgrounds and countries *more industry *more employment *more transporting of goods *faster growth of cites

I can Explain how technology impacted communication and transportation.

Innovation – a new method or device

New Transportation Technology Allowed for a national market for goods and services within the United States

New Transportation Technology Robert Fulton’s steamboat (1807) Increased factory production Led to the growth of cities like New Orleans and St. Louis People and goods could move faster up and down rivers Use of steam power also used in factories

New Transportation Technology Canals- Man made waterways used for travel and shipping Erie Canal (1825) Lowered costs of shipping goods Stimulated migration of settlers into the Ohio River Valley Allowed New York to be a commercial center

ERIE CANAL (Clinton’s Big Ditch) July 4, 1817 - October 26, 1825 363 Miles *Buffalo to Albany, New York 83 Locks – 568 rise in elevation from Hudson River 4 foot deep – 40 feet wide 2 horse team pulled a barge about 24 miles in one day $7 million dollars funded by the State of New York+private investors

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HcNJ2RMOd3U

New Transportation Technology Railroads- Invention of the steam engine led to modern railroads and trains Supplied cities and towns with food, fuel, building materials Created access to new markets Transcontinental Railroad completed in 1869

New Communications Technology Telegraph- transmission of electric signals over wires from location to location Invented by Samuel FB Morse (1841) Lines followed railroads Enhanced communication

I can Explain positive and negative consequences of human modification.

Modification - to change something

Modification Positive Consequence Negative Consequence Railroads Urbanization

Modification Positive Consequence Negative Consequence Railroads Increased transportation of goods and people between the East and West Air pollution, destruction of natural resources, damage to the environment Urbanization More jobs in cities, factories made owners $$$$$ Pollution, crowded living conditions, crime