Intro to fMRI studies BCS204 Week 3.2 1/30/2019.

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Intro to fMRI studies BCS204 Week 3.2 1/30/2019

What fMRI can tell us What’s the difference between fMRI and MRI? What does fMRI measure? Blood Oxygen (or Oxygenation) Level Dependent signal Localization of functions Cognitive functions Emotion Language Resting state Conscious vs. subconscious processing Sensory processing Motor control

What fMRI can tell us Real-time activation while performing actions: https://iu.mediaspace.kaltura.com/media/t/1_qg3jzm0f

Some possible topics Emotion control (visual or auditory) in clinical and typical population Language learning in preschool- and school-aged children Attention shift in demanding listening environment Processing of semantic or syntactic anomaly by non-native speakers Face recognition in clinical and atypical populations Memory in young and old populations

How does our brain respond to ambient temperature? Oi et al. (2017) Subjects: 31 (18 underwent heating first, and 13 underwent cooling first) Experiment conducted in winter! Comfort rating (1-4) and sensation rating (1-4)

How does our brain respond to ambient temperature? Oi et al. (2017)

How does our brain respond to ambient temperature? Oi et al. (2017)

What brain regions are activated when implicitly learning sequences? Folia and Petersson (2014) Artificial grammar learning (similar to sequential learning) 32 Dutch Ss (healthy) 5 days Implicit learning on Day 2 – 4): Each sequence presented letter by letter; reproduce sequences right away (no feedback) Scanned on the 1st and 5th day: classification task (grammatical or not)

What brain regions are activated when implicitly learning sequences? Folia and Petersson (2014) Results from classification task

What brain regions are involved in Theory of Mind Young et al. (2010) 31 healthy adults Story reading task 2 by 2 design: Mental/Physical X Expected/Unexpected Why physical condition needed? If a region found to be active in Mental expected vs. Mental unexpected, is it just by chance or reflecting ToM?

What brain regions are involved in Theory of Mind Young et al. (2010) Behavioral results

What brain regions are involved in Theory of Mind Young et al. (2010) Defining regions of interest: Results from a previous study Bilateral temporo-parietal junction Results from story reading: Red: Mental > Physical Green: Unexpected > expected Yellow: Overlap of the above two