List the 4 things that show the Evidence of a Warming Earth? Bell Ringer List the 4 things that show the Evidence of a Warming Earth? 1. 2. 3. 4.

Think Pair Share The person sitting next to you, push your desk together, in pairs ONLY (2). The topic is Pollution in the Earth’s Atmosphere pg. (461-467) Read over it and on your bell ringer paper, write out what you think causes pollution, where it comes from, and how it affects us . You all have 5 minutes to write down and discuss the different types of pollution into the Earth’s Atmosphere Every person in each group will present their findings, randomly.

Lesson 15.1 Earth’s Atmosphere The air we breathe and all the weather we see is contained in the lowest 1% of the Earth’s atmosphere.

Properties of the Atmosphere Lesson 15.1 Earth’s Atmosphere Properties of the Atmosphere Composition: 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, and 1% other gases Temperature: Varies and location Pressure: In general, air pressure decreases with altitude; can be measured using a barometer. Barometer

Layers of Atmosphere Troposphere: 0–11 km; movement of air, weather Lesson 15.1 Earth’s Atmosphere Did You Know? The stratosphere and mesosphere are cold, but the upper thermosphere can be hotter than 1500°C. Layers of Atmosphere Troposphere: 0–11 km; movement of air, weather Stratosphere: 11–50 km; ozone layer, absorbs and scatters UV rays Mesosphere: 50–80 km; meteoroids burn up Thermosphere: 80+ km; disturbances produce aurora borealis

Lesson 15.2 Pollution of the Atmosphere Air pollution is estimated to cause 2 million premature deaths worldwide every year.

Types of Air Pollutants Lesson 15.2 Pollution of the Atmosphere Types of Air Pollutants Primary air pollutants: Released directly into the atmosphere; example: soot Secondary air pollutants: Formed when primary pollutants react chemically with other substances; example: sulfuric acid

Smog A mix of air pollutants that forms over cities Lesson 15.2 Pollution of the Atmosphere Smog A mix of air pollutants that forms over cities “Smog” is a combination of the words smoke and fog. Industrial smog (soot, sulfur, and water vapor) comes from industrial sources. Photochemical smog is mostly tropospheric ozone created when primary pollutants from vehicle exhaust react to sunlight.

Lesson 15.2 Pollution of the Atmosphere Acid Deposition Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides can react with water, oxygen, and other chemicals to form acids. Acid falls as particles or dissolves in precipitation, lowering the pH of rain and snow. Acid deposition harms forest and lakes and damages human structures. Did You Know? Rainwater is naturally acidic (pH 5.6), but acid precipitation in some parts of the U.S. has a pH as low as 4.

Lesson 15.3 Controlling Air Pollution Since the Clean Air Act was first enacted in 1963, emissions of the worst pollutants in the U.S. have decreased by 57%.

Lesson 15.3 Controlling Air Pollution The Clean Air Act First passed in 1963 to protect human and environmental health by improving air quality; has been revised several times Limits emissions of pollutants, sets standards for air quality, establishes a legal framework for suing industries that break the rules, and provides funding for pollution control

Major Accomplishments of the Clean Air Act Lesson 15.3 Controlling Air Pollution Major Accomplishments of the Clean Air Act Catalytic converters, present in all cars since 1975, have reduced vehicle emissions. Lead has been phased out of gasoline. Industries and power plants have reduced releases of pollutants by using scrubbers, which remove or alter chemicals before they leave factory smokestacks. Did You Know? The removal of lead from gasoline has led to a 99% reduction in lead emissions since 1973.

Lesson 15.3 Controlling Air Pollution The Ozone Hole Ozone is a pollutant in the troposphere, but in the stratosphere it creates a protective barrier against UV radiation. Chemicals called chlorofluorocarbons, which used to be found in everything from aerosol cans to refrigerators, have destroyed ozone, causing an “ozone hole” to form over Antarctica. An ozone hole allows more UV radiation to reach Earth’s surface, potentially increasing cases of skin cancer. Aerosol spray can

Recovery of the Ozone Layer Lesson 15.3 Controlling Air Pollution Recovery of the Ozone Layer The Montreal Protocol is an international treaty signed in 1987 that has cut CFC production by 95% since the 1980s. Ozone levels in the stratosphere have begun to stabilize, and the ozone hole will likely start to disappear. Ozone Hole 1979 Ozone Hole 2000

Individual Work Page 468 1-5 Page 473 1-3 Page 460 1-4 Due by end of class

List the 4 things that show the Evidence of a Warming Earth? Bell Ringer List the 4 things that show the Evidence of a Warming Earth? 1. Rising global surface temperatures 2. Changes in precipitation patterns 3. Melting ice (glaciers, polar ice) 4. Rising sea level