Brief introduction to Power Electronics Education in China Prof. Dehong Xu Institute of Power Electronics Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China EPE’07, Sept 4,2007

Biography of the author (Mark) Dehong Xu is a full professor in Zhejiang University. He used to be a visiting professor in University of Tokyo of Japan from May 1995 to June 1996, Center of Power Electronics System in Virginia Tech in United State from June to Dec. of 2000, and Power Electronics System laboratory in ETH in Switzerland from Feb. to April in 2006 respectively. He has authored three books and more than 200 papers on power electronics. He owns six patents and four awards from China Ministry of Education, and Provincial Governments. He is an expert of electrical discipline subcommittee of Degrees Committee of China State Council. He is vice chairman of China Power Supply Society and vice chairman of China Power Electronics Society.

University Education of Electrical Engineering The 1st level of discipline and the 2nd level of discipline Electrical Engineering is the 1st level of discipline Power electronics and drive Power system and its automation Electric machine and electric device High voltage and isolation Electrical theory and new technology 1st level: Electrical Engineering 2nd level: Postgraduates are educated based on the 2nd level classification. Specialty means the 2nd level of discipline Power electronics and drives is only one of the 2nd level disciplines of the Electrical Engineering

Educations on power electronics The end of 1960’s:Thyrister was taken as a revolution device. power electronics education training was started. 1977:setup of undergraduates education 1981:setup of power electronics programs for MS and Ph. D 2006:MS programs:105 universities Ph.D program:25 universities Estimated graduates: 2000 MS/year 250 Ph. D/year MS program:2-2.5 year Ph.D program:3-5years

Drives to power electronics educations in China Telecommunication development boom since 1990. Needs for graduates with PE background. First runners: Huawei, ZTE 1978: 3.6 million phones, 1phone/200 persons 2001: 170million fixed phones, 140 million mobile phones, 1phone/4 persons Switching power supply industry continuously transferred to China for cost reduction. Firstly companies from Taiwan, then from Japan, USA, and Europe. R&D centers were increased steadily in China for promoting business in China With steady economics increase, domestic industry needs inverters for increasing productivity and energy saving Home appliance production are increased quickly to provide both domestic market need and oversea, which needs power supply, inverter drives and so on.

Universities with top power electronics education Research National Labs Zhejiang Univ. Power supply, Inverter, FC, Wind, PM motor, HVDC National Key lab, ERC Tsinghua Univ SVG, Medium Voltage inverter National Key lab Huazhong Univ. of Sci. & Tech. Inverter, UPS Xi’an Jiaotong University APF, DC/DC module NUAA DC/DC converter, power supply for aeronautics Aeronautics power lab Shanghai University Motor drives, Vector control Harbin Institute of Tech. Light electronics, motor drives HeFei Univ. of Tech. PV inverter National PV system center Beijing Jiaotong Univ. Drives for locomotives Univ of Electronics Sci & Tech. Power device

Tsinghua University Opened master’s and doctoral programs in power electronics in 1990 and 1995. Professors 7 Lecture 4 Associate 5 Lecturers 9 Academic Staff Specialized courses: electric machinery, fundamental of power electronics, electric drive and control, modern power electronics, and AC electrical machines and their system analysis Research Areas: AC drive systems, SVG for power system, automotive power electronics, etc.

Xi’an Jiaotong University Professors 4 Associate 6 Lecturer 1 Academic Staff Recruits about 30 master students and about 6 doctor students every year. Specialized courses: modern power electronics, power semiconductor devices and application, modeling and control of PWM converters, power quality control technologies, electromagnetic compatibility, etc. Research Areas: active power filters, modeling, simulation and control of power electronics circuits and systems, integrated power electronics modules, etc.

Huazhong University of Science and Technology Started the power electronics research in 1984. Recruits about 40 master students and about 10 doctor students every year. Professors 7 Associate 5 Lecturer 9 Academic Staff Research Areas: high performance inverters for ship propulsions, paralleled UPS, digital electric marine propulsion systems, etc.

Zhejiang University Academic Staff Others 14 Professors 11 Associate The first SCR media-frequency induction-heating power supply (100kW/1kHz) in 1971 in China, 1981 began to recruit postgraduate students 1988, National key discipline 1989 National Key Laboratory of Power Electronics 1995 National Engineering Research Center for Applied Power Electronics Staff: One member of China Academics of Engineering Professors:11 Associate professors:12 others:14 Students: Master students: accept 50/year Ph. D students: accept 25/year Academic Staff Others 14 Professors 11 Associate Professors 12

Zhejiang University (Cont’d) Courses for MS student: modern power electronics circuit modelling and control of power electronics modern power electronics devices applications of modern power passive components CAD of power electronics systems principle and application of DSP fundamental of EMC design in power electronic systems Research direction: high-density power supplies inverter and UPS active power filters, energy storage system, Power Electronics for Power system fuel cell, PV, Wind clean energy power generation system high frequency inverter for induction heating plasma power supplies integration of power electronics PM motor Drive

Future drive to power electronics education in China Environment protection. COP3. China is the 2nd largest emission country and should take responsibility. CO2 and NOx reduction. It will drive the renewable energy and energy saving technology application. Tremendous increase of Car industry has cause shortage of oil and pollution problem, city transportation problem. Develop public transportation such light rail, subway, EV, Hybrid Car Railway electricity investment is estimated to reach USD 240 billion during the years from 2004 to 2020. Deregulation introduce the competition and drive the introducing technology to improving power quality. HVDC and Ultra high voltage power transmission Lighting technology China will face the power problem with increasing the penetration of computer application in homes. Energy efficiency display technology and low cost and energy saving PC Energy saving Appliance

Fund Sources NSF Ministry of Science and technology(863 program, supporting plan) China development and reform committee Provincial Governments Companies

Summary Almost all universities take power electronics as a required course for the undergraduates of electrical engineering. More than 105 universities have both postgraduate programs on power electronics Due to limited R&D capability of domestic companies, universities play important roles in R&D beside the research. Power electronics play more important roles on productivity enhancement, energy saving, and environment protection in China. A large market need to power electronics to realize energy saving goal of 2010 A large market need to power electronics to realize renewable goal of 12% in 2020

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