OCTOBER 9, 2015 Byzantine Empire notes

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OCTOBER 9, 2015 Byzantine Empire notes HW: Judaism & Christianity Chart due Monday Bring textbook on Monday!

Divided Rome Emperor Diocletian divides Roman Empire in 284 A.D. Eastern Portion Captial: Byzantium Wealthy Emperor Diocletian Greek language Western Portion Capital: Rome Frequent foreign invasions Emperor Maximian Latin language

Byzantium Located on the Bosporus Strait between Black Sea and Mediterranean Sea Crossroads of Asia and Europe culturally and economically

Emperor Constantine Becomes emperor in 312 Edict of Milan (313) Agreement between Constantine and Licinius (Eastern and Western Roman Emperors) Ended the persecution of Christians in the Roman Empire He converts to Christianity Encourages the spread of Christianity Moves capital to Byzantium and renames Constantinople Emperor Theodosis declares Christianity the religion of the Roman Empire in 370

Fall of Rome Western Roman Empire falls in 478 Germanic tribes overtake Rome Eastern Roman Empire becomes Byzantine Empire Flourishes due to trade wealth

Justinian (Reign 527-565) Height of Byzantine Empire Ruled with his wife Theodora

Reign of Justinian 527-565 Reconquered lands once part of Roman Empire Rebuilt city after riots of 532 Hagia Sophia Justinian’s Code Revised Roman law code Becomes foundation of Western law codes for centuries to come

Hagia Sophia Video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KRPp3jzv1Tw

Reign of Justinian 527-565 Autocratic rule Strong army Nika Riots (532) Riots over Justinian’s high taxes and overall unpopularity City burned and thousands killed

The Church in the Byzantine Empire East and Western Church slowly drifting apart Eastern priests could marry Eastern Christians did not approve of the Pope’s control over all Christians Felt the Emperor was about the religious leader

The Great Schism (1054) Roman Catholicism Orthodoxy Western Roman Empire Spoke Latin Pope is supreme leader above Emperor Pope and Clergy only interpret scripture Forbid use of icons Byzantine Empire Spoke Greek Emperor is supreme leader Priests can marry Use of icons is allowed

Eastern Orthodox Church Convert the Slavs Saint Cyril creates new alphabet Cyrillic alphabet Slavs are able to read the Bible

Write your name

Decline of Byzantine Empire Empire slowly loses territory after Justinian’s reign Islamic tribes gaining strength and territory Abassids, Seljuks, Ottoman Turks Ottoman Turks seize control of Constantinople in 1453 Rename Istanbul City begins period of Islamic culture

Contributions to Western Civilization Byzantine Empire acted as a barrier between western Europe and hostile Persian, Arab, and Turkish armies. Byzantine Empire was center of learning, culture, trade, and religion Preserved Greek and Roman texts and ideas Blending of Asian, European, and Middle Eastern cultures, goods, ideas, law, and religions Served as a model for Western society

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