Quick genetics review

Phenotypes & Genotypes Dominant & Recessive Traits Punnett Square Tell students that they will be applying the genetic terms they reviewed previously to some of the Harry Potter characters. If possible, display the Basic Genetic Terms Worksheet for Teachers for students to refer to as needed during the lesson. Phenotypes & Genotypes Dominant & Recessive Traits Punnett Square

First some genetics vocabulary See if you remember the term associated with the description:)

Section of DNA that codes for a proteintrait GENE

version of a gene or trait Blue eyes or brown eyes Eye color would be the trait Allele

Both alleles for a trait are the same Both alleles for a trait are the same. Either both dominant or both recessive HOMOZYGOUS

Two different alleles for a trait are inherited Heterozygous

Allele will only be expressed when both alleles are the same recessive

Allele that will be expressed when you have at least one copy of it Dominant

A persons genetic makeup, what alleles they have inherited Ff FF ff Genotype

The trait that is being expressed. Observable, physical appearance Phenotype

Now some concept review...

transcription and translation The “Central Dogma” Flow of genetic information in a cell How do we move information from DNA to proteins? transcription translation DNA RNA protein trait To get from the chemical language of DNA to the chemical language of proteins requires 2 major stages: transcription and translation replication

Post transcriptional modification Introns: not expressed/ in between the coding regions Exons: Expressed

We will be looking at the PV92 locus on YOUR chromosome 16

And the ALU insert on this chromosome... The ALU sequence is inserted at different locations throughout the chromosome, in this case it does not have effect on the persons phenotype because it is removed before expression. This insert is a SINE, small repetitive interspaced element, we don’t know what its purpose is at this point BUT we can use it to study evolutionary relationships, population genetics, establish paternity, and identify suspects.

You either have the insert or you don’t... PV92 , 641 base pairs (bp) PV92 (641bp)+ Alu insert (300bp)

BUT you get two versions of every gene... One from mom and one from dad so you can either be Homozygous (+/+ or -/-) Heterozygous (+/-) LET’S FIND OUT!!!