Language choice in multilingual communities

Q: Discuss your own language use (p.22)

Q: Discuss limitations of a domain-based approach to language choice

Q: Discuss factors that may account for the code choices in example 5 (p.25)

Q: Discuss all the possible social factors affecting code choice (p

Q: Discuss 3 features of diglossia (p.27)

Q: Discuss your own use of H and L variety in diglossia situations (p

Q: Exercise 8 (p.34)

Q: Discuss factors affecting code-switching/code-mixing (p.34-42)

Q: Discuss the topics that can be more easily expressed in your L1 and L2 (p.37)

Q: Provide an example of code-switching for affective functions (See the example 12, p.38-39)

Q: Exercise 10

Q: Explain lexical borrowing (p.43)

Q: Discuss different approaches to code-switching (p.44-45)

One approach to distinguishing code-switching and borrowing is to refer to the size of the unit of embedded language. Thus, borrowing is said to occur at word level while the notion code-switching is applied to larger stretches of speech (Færch & Kasper 1983; Grosjean 1982). However, this does not seem to provide a genuinely principled distinction between intrasentential code-switching and borrowing.

It has been suggested that borrowing is associated with the presence of a clear base language while code-switching is associated with the presence of two languages interacting in discourse (e.g. Nishimura 1995).

With reference to the availability of L2 knowledge, code-switching is considered by some to symptomize “the most available word phenomenon” (Grosjean 1982, p.151) and not necessarily to result from ‘‘dysfluency’’ (Green 1986, p.215).

Q: Are there universal rules of code-switching? (your own opinion)

Q: Can L2 proficiency affect the use of code-switching? (p.45)