Bellwork: 12/5 Put your phone up  Week 12/3-12/7 What is the difference between aerobic & anaerobic respiration? Which step or steps are anaerobic in cell respiration? How many ATP does the step or steps from #2 make?

Today: Fermentation Notes

Materials Unit Book

This Week: Monday: Cellular Respiration Lab Tuesday: *Early Out* Internet Safety Wednesday: Fermentation Notes Thursday: Fermentation Lab Friday: Study Guide

Next Week: Monday: Study Guide & Kahoot Tuesday: Test Wednesday: Finals Review & Study Guide Friday: Finals Study Guide

Homework Test Next Tuesday

Unit IV: Cell Energy

Part V: Anaerobic Respiration

THINK! Have you ever done aerobic exercise and gotten a cramp in your leg muscle? Speculate what causes that cramp.

Purpose Produce ATP In the absence of oxygen (anaerobic) Glucose converted into either alcohol or lactic acid Depending on the organism This conversion is known as FERMENTATION

Alcohol Fermentation Used by many one-celled (unicellular) organisms Bacteria & yeast Pathway Glucose  Pyruvate  Alcohol + CO2 + NAD+ Commercial use: Making wine & beer Baking bread

THINK! Based on your understanding of alcohol fermentation, why does bread rise? Why doesn’t the bread taste like alcohol after baking?

Lactic Acid Fermentation Organisms that use this pathway: Muscles, some bacteria Pathway Glucose  Pyruvate  Lactic Acid + NAD+ Physiological Symptoms: Muscle cramping Commercial Uses Making cheese & yogurt

THINK! If our muscles can do Lactic Acid fermentation when oxygen is low, why do humans die without oxygen?

Energy & Exercise We need the energy from both anaerobic & aerobic respiration Quick Energy Needed to respond to danger, sprinting, weight-lifting First few seconds - aerobic respiration Long-term Energy Needed for running a marathon, aerobics, basketball, etc Essentially all from aerobic respiration Also uses glycogen (carb reserves) and fat reserves

Types of Exercise Aerobic (endurance, cardio) Ex: jogging, biking, aerobics Increases blood pumped through vessels & heart Muscles become stronger, more flexible & less easily fatigued Improves digestion, heart function, lung function Muscle uses O2 to undergo Cellular Respiration Burns fat

Types of Exercise Anaerobic (resistance) Ex: weight-lifting Contracting with as much force as possible Muscles get bigger, stronger and more defined Strong contractions cause muscle cell damage Muscle cells repair & enlarge You don’t make more cells, just larger cells Need to give time for repair to see improvement Without O2, muscles use Lactic Acid Fermentation Acid damages muscles & makes them sore No pain….no gain 

Answer the Questions in your NoteGuide