Mass is being changed into energy

At the hypocenter, everything is immediately vaporized by the high temperature (up to 500 million degrees Fahrenheit or 300 million degrees Celsius). 50 kt (200 TJ),

Energy Types Objectives 1. Recall energy types from KS3 and give examples of energy transfers and energy changers 2. Understand that energy cannot be created or destroyed All Can recall all of the energy types Can give examples of each of the energy types Some Able to explain where energy is ‘stored’ Appreciate big ‘energy’ ideas in terms of links to Planet Earth and its processes Most Recall examples of energy transfer devices with energy changes

Starter: Which energy types might say these things? A “People call me a big head, because my head expands when I store energy. I think they’re stretching the point frankly!” B “I just can’t keep still…gotta keep moving or I’ll die!” C “I can help you out for sure – I’m good at showing the way!” D “People are always avoiding me – say they want some peace” E “Hey man, don’t get me angry – when I lose my temper, I seriously explode!” F “Yeh, I’m kinda fit, I guess I can turn up the temperature.” G “People say I’m a sparky personality – I gotta buzz” H “I always see the potential gravity of the situation before it gets too bad” I “Hey man – you got three heads – man I’m high again”

Taking the bus to school chemical Powers a model car electrical Taking the bus to school sound Listening to CD light Stored in a stretched elastic band heat Watching TV kinetic Stored in a ham sandwich potential Cooking a baked potato

Energy makes useful things happen. ENERGISING FACTS! Energy makes useful things happen. We see energy’s effects in different forms. We cannot create or destroy energy. Energy can change its effect. Energy can change its position.

Form of energy that it shows Forms of Energy Object Form of energy that it shows What does it do?

Different types of energy Light ___________ Sound Kinetic Nuclear Energy Electrical Chemical Elastic Gravitational Heat

Nuclei joining together Nuclear energy This is the energy stored in the nuclei of atoms. When nuclei are joined together or split apart, large amounts of energy are released. Nuclear fusion Nuclear fission Nuclei being split Nuclei joining together

Where does nuclear fusion happen in nature? When atomic nuclei join together (fuse) it releases massive amounts of energy. Where does nuclear fusion happen in nature? In the Sun and other stars.

Nuclear fission When atomic nuclei are split apart it releases massive amounts of energy. Where does nuclear fission occur? Nuclear power stations Atomic weapons

Nuclear energy summary Nuclear energy is the energy stored in the n____ of atoms. When atomic nuclei join together it is known as nuclear f_____. When atomic nuclei are split apart it is known as nuclear f_____. Nuclear fission powers nuclear p____ s_____ and atomic weapons. Nuclear fusion powers the Sun and other s____. uclei usion ission ower tations tars

Light energy Light is a type of electromagnetic radiation. Light travels in straight lines. Light travels in transverse waves. Light transmits ENERGY. Our Sun (a star) is a light source, just like a filament lamp or a firefly. Which colour of light has the most energy, red or violet? How do we see the planets? By reflected light. violet

Sound energy Sounds are caused by v_______. ibrations Sound travels in l_________ waves. Sound transmits e____. The l_____ the sound, the more energy it transmits. The q_____ the sound, the less energy. ibrations ongitudinal nergy ouder uieter

Heat energy The hotter an object is, the more heat or thermal energy it has. Electrical devices use the fact that as electrons flow along a conductor, friction between the electrons and the conductor’s atoms occurs. Whenever you get friction you get heat, so the movement of electricity generates heat energy. Some devices that are designed to produce heat energy are: ________ ___________ Kettles Toasters Electric fires

Electrical energy This is the energy electrons have as they flow around a circuit. Electricity is so useful because it is such a convenient way to transfer energy to a desired location or to a desired device. What happens when the switch is closed? Electricity flows and the bulb lights.

A Jack-in-the-box stores elastic energy If you squash or c_______ an object or material, when you let go some materials have the p_______ to return to their original shape. We call the energy stored in a squashed or compressed material e_____ energy. The same is true for materials that are s_______ (put under t_____) they too have the potential to return to their original shape. They too store elastic energy. ompress A Jack-in-the-box stores elastic energy otential Boo!!!! lastic tretched ension Press

Chemical energy When chemical bonds are broken they can release energy. The energy stored in these chemical bonds is referred to as chemical energy. The three sources of chemical energy you need to know about are: ___________ Food Batteries Fuels

Gravitational energy Any object in a gravitational field has gravitational potential energy due to its position in that field. The _____ has gravitational potential energy due to the gravitational field of the Earth. Moon The ____ has gravitational potential energy due to the gravitational field of the Sun. Earth

The Principle of Conservation of Energy Energy can be changed from one form to another but it cannot be created or destroyed.

Transducers change energy from one form to another Device Input energy Output energy Dynamo Solar cell Catapult Bulb kinetic electrical light electrical elastic kinetic electrical light

Device Input energy Output energy Microphone Loudspeaker Pendulum Transducers 2: Device Input energy Output energy Microphone Loudspeaker Pendulum Motor sound electrical electrical sound gravitational kinetic electrical kinetic

Device Input energy Output energy Kettle Wind-up car Coal fire Fan Transducers 3: Device Input energy Output energy Kettle Wind-up car Coal fire Fan electrical heat elastic kinetic chemical heat electrical kinetic

Transferring energy “Energy can neither be created or destroyed, just changed in form.” You need to be able to give examples of devices that perform specific energy changes. You need to be able to describe the energy changes for a given device. You need to remember that whenever energy is changed from one form to another, some energy is always wasted.

Wasted energy You need to remember that whenever energy is changed from one form to another, some energy is always ______. wasted In what two forms is energy usually wasted? 1._________ 2._________ Heat Sound If a device gets warm and it is not designed to get warm then energy is wasted as heat. If you can hear a device that is not designed to make noise then energy is wasted as sound.

Wasted sound energy Can you name some devices that waste energy as sound? _____________ Hairdryer Washing machine Car engine Computer Microwave Bunsen burner Wind turbine Dish washer

Wasted heat energy Can you name some devices that waste energy as heat? _____________ Radio Television Car engine Computer Turbine Motor Transformer Any electrical device

What happens to wasted energy? What happens to the wasted energy you get whenever energy is changed from one form to another? Remember energy can not be c______ or d_______. reated estroyed Wasted e_____ spreads out (d_______) into the s_________. nergy issipated urroundings This makes the energy harder to r____. e-use This is why it is important to r_____ the amount of wasted energy there is. educe