Determination of optimum retrograde cerebral perfusion conditions

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Determination of optimum retrograde cerebral perfusion conditions Akihiko Usui, MDa, Keiji Oohara, MDa, Tong-lin Liu, MDa, Mitsuya Murase, MDb, Minoru Tanaka, MDa, Eiji Takeuchi, MDa, Toshio Abe, MDa The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Volume 107, Issue 1, Pages 300-308 (January 1994) DOI: 10.5555/uri:pii:S0022522394704856 Copyright © 1994 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 1 Perfusion and drainage in retrograde cerebral perfusion through an SVC cannula. Only the aortic cannula (AO) was opened and directed by gravity to the cardiotomy reservoir while the caval cannulas were clamped. Returned blood (dark gray) was perfused through an oxygenator into both the internal maxillary venous cannulas with a separate pump (light gray). The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 1994 107, 300-308DOI: (10.5555/uri:pii:S0022522394704856) Copyright © 1994 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 2 Returned blood flow rates and perfusion blood flow rates during hypothermic (20° C) cardiopulmonary bypass at 1000 ml/min (CPB) and hypothermic (20° C) retrograde cerebral perfusion (RCP) at an external jugular venous pressure of 15, 20, 25, 30, or 35 mmHg. N.S., Not significant. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 1994 107, 300-308DOI: (10.5555/uri:pii:S0022522394704856) Copyright © 1994 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 3 Pressures in the brachiocephalic artery, external jugular vein, and femoral vein during hypothermic (20° C) retrograde cerebral perfusion (RCP) at an external jugular venous pressure of 15, 20, 25,30, or 35 mm Hg. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 1994 107, 300-308DOI: (10.5555/uri:pii:S0022522394704856) Copyright © 1994 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 4 Cerebrospinal fluid pressure during hypothermic (20° C) cardiopulmonary bypass at 1000 ml/min (CPB) and hypothermic (20° C) retrograde cerebral perfusion (RCP) at an external jugular venous pressure of 15, 20, 25, 30, or 35 mm Hg. N.S.,Not significant. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 1994 107, 300-308DOI: (10.5555/uri:pii:S0022522394704856) Copyright © 1994 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 5 Relation between cerebrospinal fluid pressure and external jugular venous pressure during hypothermic (20° C) retrograde cerebral perfusion. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 1994 107, 300-308DOI: (10.5555/uri:pii:S0022522394704856) Copyright © 1994 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 6 Whole-body vascular resistance during hypothermic (20° C)cardiopulmonary bypass at 1000 ml/min (CPB) and hypothermic(20° C) retrograde cerebral perfusion (RCP) at an external jugular venous pressure of 15, 20, 25, 30, or 35 mm Hg. N.S.,Not significant. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 1994 107, 300-308DOI: (10.5555/uri:pii:S0022522394704856) Copyright © 1994 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 7 Cerebral tissue blood flow of 100 gm wet volume during hypothermic(20° C) cardiopulmonary bypass at 1000 ml/min (CPB) or hypothermic (20° C) retrograde cerebral perfusion (RCP) at an external jugular venous pressure of 15, 20, 25, 30, or 35 mm Hg. N.S., Not significant. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 1994 107, 300-308DOI: (10.5555/uri:pii:S0022522394704856) Copyright © 1994 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 8 Whole-body oxygen consumption calculated during hypothermic (20° C) cardiopulmonary bypass at 1000 ml/min (CPB) and hypotheric (20° C) retrograde cerebral perfusion (RCP) at an external jugular venous pressure of 15, 20, 25, 30, or 35 mm Hg. N.S.,Not significant. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 1994 107, 300-308DOI: (10.5555/uri:pii:S0022522394704856) Copyright © 1994 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 9 Carbon dioxide elimination during hypothermic (20° C) cardiopulmonary bypass at 1000 ml/min (CPB) and hypothermic (20° C) retrograde cerebral perfusion (RCP) at an external jugular venous pressure of 15, 20, 25, 30, or 35 mm Hg. N.S., Not significant. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 1994 107, 300-308DOI: (10.5555/uri:pii:S0022522394704856) Copyright © 1994 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions