STATE GOVERNMENT Chapter 11

Bell Ringer November 27, 2017 Division of Powers – Page 318 Write the Questions. Answer in Complete sentences. Which level creates local government? Why do you think the states are blocked from coining money? Local gov’t is created by State gov’t. Different money in each state would make trade, travel, & business between states difficult.

The Federal System Federal System: National Gov’t & State Gov’t share power. Some powers are left to the States (Reserved) Some powers are left to the Federal Gov’t (Enumerated) Some powers are shared by both

Limits on States States CAN NOT: Declare War Make Money Tax Imports Make treaties with another country 14th Amendment: States cannot take away the rights of citizens “without due process” and must give citizens “equal protection of the law”. Article VI: Supremacy Clause says that the Constitution is the Supreme Law of the Land.

Grants-in-Aid: money given to the states by the Federal Government for Education, Healthcare, etc. Each state has its own constitution to set the structure of the state government - > Executive, Legislative, Judicial

Group Work Issues to Debate: Can States Set Immigration Law? Page 323 What are two problems that critics say come from illegal immigration? What kind of power does Governor Brewer say Arizona is using with its immigration law -= expressed, reserved, concurrent, or some other? Why? What part of the Constitution does the Justice Dept. say the law is going against? Why? Which argument do you find more convincing? Why? It creates a burden on the educational system &increases health care costs Arizona reflects concurrent power because its efforts mirror the federal gov’t. Arizona law is going against the supremacy clause because it tries to supplant federal law with the state law.

Essential Question How does the Federal System allow the National government and State government to share power? Expressed Powers (Enumerated) given to the Federal Gov’t & Reserved Powers given to the States. Concurrent powers serve both.

Bell Ringer November 28, 2017 Page 325 – 327 What might cause residents of a state to join together to call for a new law to be enacted? Why must a bill first be approved by a committee before the full chamber can vote on it? How might residents react to cuts in funding for parks? Various concerns: voting count? Helmet laws? Drunk driving laws? Things that affect us! Saves time and money due to so many bills being submitted People might get upset who want to preserve the natural beauty& it might interfere with tourism.

How Legislatures Function Bicameral Legislature: Two Houses – Senate ( Upper House) House of Rep. (Lower House) 49 States have bicameral legislatures Nebraska has just one - unicameral

Representation The Districts that the State Legislature represents should be roughly equal in population Redistricting: the task of working out the boundaries Malapportionment: unfair district sizes Baker v. Carr 1962 – Supreme Court ruled districts need to be drawn fairly.

Legislatures Work Approve appointments by the governor Make laws-> introduced, committee, vote – Governor signs Legislative Referendum: asks voters to approve a law it has passed. Popular Referendum: voters have power to repeal a law

State Economics Laws in most states demand that the budget stay balanced States have to cut spending Rely on taxes: Sales Tax, Income Tax Rely on Fees: marriage, drive, fish Money used for services: benefits to poor, disabled, healthcare, education, payroll for gov’t workers, police, parks, roads

Real Life Civics – Page 314-315 “You Do Together” - How do the actions of Gov. Gregoire and Gov. Kaine show the varied responsibilities of state governors? What do you think a governor hopes to achieve through a visit to a disaster site? One is on a foreign trip/ the other attending a domestic emergency A show of compassion to those suffering in his state

Essential Question What are the functions of State Legislatures? Pass Laws, approve appointments made by the governor, and help people from their districts deal with the government.