Prison Inspection in England and Wales Peter Clarke HM Chief Inspector of Prisons ICPA, Montreal, 22nd October 2018

HMI Prisons statutory remit To report to the relevant Secretary of State on the “treatment of prisoners and the conditions in prisons.” S.5A Prison Act 1952

Key Points Scope Independent Inspectorate not a Regulator Human Rights not Policy OPCAT/NPM Methodology, timing and contents of reports Impact

Challenges to Prisons Austerity Staff/Prisoner Ratio Drugs Violence Living Conditions Mental Health Ageing Population

Violence 12/2015 – 12/2016 All assaults – 26,022 Up 27% Serious assaults 3,519 Up 25% P/P assaults 19,088 Up 23% P/S assaults 6,844 Up 38% Self-harm incidents 40,161 Up 24% Nos. self-harming 11,008 Up 16% Self-inflicted deaths 113 Up 11% (To March 2017)

Violence 12/2016 – 12/2017 All assaults – 28,165 Up 12% Serious assaults 3,726 Up 10% P/P assaults 20,346 Up 9% P/S assaults 7,828 Up 22% Self-harm incidents 42,837 Up 12% Nos. self-harming 11,248 Up 4% Self-inflicted deaths 70 Down 40%

Illicit Drugs Impact of NPS PPO connects 79 deaths (and rising) 37% male prisoners – ‘easy’ to get drugs. Debt, Bullying, Violence Too many develop problem in prison Destabilising prisons

Ageing Prison Population Predicted to be 15k > 50 yrs by 2020 Longer sentences and historic enquiries 42% of men > 50yrs sentenced for sex offences 59% of older prisoners report long term illness or disability Drain on resources and impact on regime Proper strategy required

Mental Health Gaps in primary mental health care (HMIP) 73% transfers to secure beds > 14 days Use of segregation for MH 70% of SIDs pre-identified with MH needs 26% of women, 16% of men treated for MH in year prior to imprisonment Pentonville, Jan.2017. 246 (25%) receiving anti-psychotic medication.

Living Conditions

Living Conditions

Challenges to HMIP Declining Achievement of Recommendations No Statutory Powers Loss of Legislation Removal from Prison Performance Measures How to Generate Political/Public Interest How to Achieve Impact

Response to Inspections Too many prisons do not implement recommendations. 2013 – 79% accepted. 2017 – 85% accepted 2013 – 46% achieved. 2017 - 37% achieved Safety 2/20 (W.Scrubs), 2/13 (Nottingham) Clear correlation between achievement and performance More now not achieved than achieved – and gap widening.

Impact of Inspection Media Messaging re Public Interest Loss of Legislation Political Support Urgent Notification Protocol Liverpool Inspection Independent Reviews of Progress HMIP Recommendations now at heart of Performance Measurement

Future Challenges Maintaining Political Focus Resourcing Technology Training of Staff (at all levels) Effective Counter Corruption

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