This month in Gastroenterology Eugene B. Chang  Gastroenterology  Volume 127, Issue 5, Pages 1283-1285 (November 2004) DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2004.08.021 Copyright © 2004 American Gastroenterological Association Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Two sensitivity analyses showing the effect of varying the change in population compliance that CTC implementation will have on colonoscopy demand using 2 CTC positive test rates which were derived using differing polyp size thresholds (6 mm = 24.9%, 10 mm = 7.0%). The vertical line highlights a 15% increase (40% to 55%) or the base-case estimate of the change in population compliance that would be expected with CTC implementation. Only the sensitivity analysis using a polyp size cut-off of 6 mm has a threshold (ie, a level which when exceeded would lead to an increase in colonoscopy demand). Specifically, CTC implementation would lead to an increase in colonoscopy demand if population compliance improves by more than 36.9% (increase from 40% to 76.9%). Gastroenterology 2004 127, 1283-1285DOI: (10.1053/j.gastro.2004.08.021) Copyright © 2004 American Gastroenterological Association Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Virological efficacy of 500 mg twice daily BILN 2061 (Amplicor assay) in patients with minimal liver fibrosis. Dotted lines represent control patients; solid lines represent treated patients; circles represent drug naive patients (na); squares represent patients who did not respond to anti-HCV therapy (NR); upper and lower intermittent lines represent the upper and lower limits of detection of the Amplicor assay; black triangles represent administration of BILN 2061. Gastroenterology 2004 127, 1283-1285DOI: (10.1053/j.gastro.2004.08.021) Copyright © 2004 American Gastroenterological Association Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Gastroenterology 2004 127, 1283-1285DOI: (10.1053/j.gastro.2004.08.021) Copyright © 2004 American Gastroenterological Association Terms and Conditions

Figure 4 (A) Silencing RNA of hPepT1 decreases MDP transport. Cells were treated twice with 200 nmol/L d-siRNA, harvested for hPepT1 expression, and biotinylated on the apical surface for brush border protein expression. (B) Uptake of labeled Gly-Sar or MDP were performed and results expressed as means ± SE for 3 separate experiments. NOD2 inhibition by siRNA serves as a negative control. Gastroenterology 2004 127, 1283-1285DOI: (10.1053/j.gastro.2004.08.021) Copyright © 2004 American Gastroenterological Association Terms and Conditions

Figure 5 Probiotic conditioned media stabilizes and prevents degradation of IκBα. YAMC cells were treated with VSL#3 conditioned media for 16 hours, then stimulated with TNF-α (50 ng/mL) and harvested at the times indicated. Shown in the upper panel, TNF-α stimulates a transient phosphorylation of Iκ-Bα (5 minutes), is associated with decreased total IκBα (5–15 minutes) as IκBα is targeted for degradation. In the bottom panel, pretreatment of YAMC cells with VSL#3 conditioned media inhibits the effects of TNF-α on IκBα, preventing its degradation. Note the persistence of the phosphorylated form of IκBα. Gastroenterology 2004 127, 1283-1285DOI: (10.1053/j.gastro.2004.08.021) Copyright © 2004 American Gastroenterological Association Terms and Conditions