A Growing Economy Ch. 11 Lesson 1 Essential Question: How does geography influence the way people live? Learning Goal: SWBAT explain and analyze how new machines affected production at a textile mill, why industrial growth began in New England, draw conclusions about how the growth of factories contributed to the Industrial Revolution, identify and evaluate the elements of the free enterprise system, compare agriculture in different regions of the country, and analyze how cotton farming affected slavery. A Growing Economy Ch. 11 Lesson 1

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Vocabulary Cotton gin Interchangeable parts Patent Capitalism A machine that removes seeds from cotton fiber Interchangeable parts A part of a machine or device that can be replaced by another, identical part Patent Sole legal right to an invention and its profits Capitalism Economic system in which people and companies own the means of production

Vocabulary Capital Free enterprise Technology Element Money or other resources used to create wealth Free enterprise A type of economy where people are free to buy, sell, and produce whatever they want Technology Equipment that makes use of advanced knowledge and skill to solve a problem or do a task Element Part of a larger whole

Industrial Growth video Most people lived where they worked Made what they needed Mid-1700s British used water to power machines People stopped farming and received pay for working instead Known as the Industrial Revolution

The Industrial Revolution in the United States Industrial Revolution reached the US around 1800 New England was affected first Poor soil was bad for farming Rivers and streams offered the waterpower needed for factories Had many ports that were good for shipping raw materials

New Inventions New technology influenced this revolution Changed the way people made cloth Machines saved time and money 1793: Eli Whitney invented the cotton gin Quickly removed seeds from cotton video Allowed for huge increase in cotton production Whitney also invented interchangeable parts video Muskets for the government Easy to fix a broken part of a musket Easy for any person to create a particular part

Rise of Factories Patent law passed in 1790 was to protect the rights of inventors video Samuel Slater memorized designs of machines in Britain and brought them to the US Machines made cotton thread Slater’s machines were improved by Francis Cabot Lowell Made thread and cloth Began a factory system in which all steps of manufacturing were in one place

Free Enterprise The capitalist economic system helped spur the industrial growth Owners decided how to use their own property, the government does not control the business Spurs competition Competition helps push businesses to improve Elements of free enterprise Economic freedom Profit Private property competition

Agriculture Grows In the early 1800s most Americans still lived and worked on farms As families moved west, agriculture moved with them Southern farms began to grow cotton more frequently More factories in the North called for more cotton from the South Demand for slaves came along with demand for more cotton

Growth of Corporations 1830s- laws allowed for the growth of corporations A business with many owners Sold stock to raise money for new factories Corporations boosted industrialization

Cities Grow Up Cities along rivers had more factories Good for waterpower Good for shipping to markets Older cities (New York, Boston) were centers for trade Cities to the west (newer cities) (Pittsburgh, Cincinnati) were located on major rivers More products were shipped quickly so these towns grew

Cities Grow Up Cities offered many opportunities Jobs, steadier wages As cities grew, culture grew as well museums, libraries, and shops were built