Topic 1e – Civil War & Reconstruction Topic 1d – Civil War & Reconstruction Topic 1e – Civil War & Reconstruction Student Objectives Explain why the Civil War was fought, the result of the war and the legacy it left behind. Define the three Reconstruction Amendments. Analyze barriers to freedom for Black Americans after the Civil War. Justify and explain who actually won the Civil War based on the outcome of the actual war and the legacies/effects of Reconstruction.

Topic 1d – Civil War & Reconstruction Overview of the War Fought on the issue of slavery and, also somewhat, fought on different interpretations of federalism. Bloodiest war in U.S. History (Americans killing Americans) Legacy of the Civil War Emancipation Proclamation Destruction of the Southern states Technological advances Reconstructing America Based on the events leading up to, and throughout the Civil War, what would be some major problems America and the government would need to solve after the Civil War? How did America advance technologically and industrially during the Civil War? What effect would this have on the country after the war was over?

Reconstruction Amendments Topic 1d – Civil War & Reconstruction Reconstruction Amendments Amendment Description 13th Amendment Bans slavery entirely in the United States 14th Amendment Provides full citizenship to all former slaves. State cannot deny “life, liberty, or property” to any citizen. 15th Amendment Provides voting rights for all Black males in the United States. Designed to protect Black Americans after the Civil War and establish their place as citizens. Legacy: Secured true freedom from slavery for Black American citizens. Provided a little protection from Southern racist laws. Allowed for suffrage for Black American males (females still can’t vote) Ideologically challenged, today, by certain politicians. Explain the purpose of each Reconstruction Amendment. Why were the Amendments needed if the North was the winner of the Civil War? List and define the Reconstruction Amendments. (Critical Thinking) What other Amendments do you think Congress should have passed in addition to the three above? Why?

Topic 1d – Civil War & Reconstruction Barriers to Freedom Black Codes Slave laws reworded to still be enforced on Black citizens. Sharecropping Debt slavery Jim Crow Laws Voting rights barriers Literacy test Poll taxes Ku Klux Klan/White Supremacy Terrorist groups Hate/race crimes against non- white citizens and all their supporters How are Southern Whites getting around the 15th Amendment in this picture? Define and explain sharecropping. (Critical Thinking) Considering the objectives of the Civil War, who won? The North or the South? (Argue for the north using the previous slide, or the south using this one).

Topic 1d – Civil War & Reconstruction End of Reconstruction Interest in helping Black citizens declines over time. Compromise of 1877 In the election of 1876 the Republican candidate, Rutherford Hayes, was losing to Democrat, Samuel Tilden. Republicans get the presidency as long as they agree to take the military out of the South. Without protection and with little interest to continue it, Reconstruction ends. How does the Compromise of 1877 compare to the previous Compromises we discussed in class? (1820, 1850, Kansas-Nebraska) Look closely at the cartoon. What does this image suggest regarding the Compromise of 1877? (Opinion) Should Republicans have made the Compromise of 1877? Provide one reason why they should have, and one reason why they shouldn’t have.

Legacy of Reconstruction Topic 1d – Civil War & Reconstruction Legacy of Reconstruction Positive legacy Repairs to destroyed Southern states South was mostly physically restored from the damages from war Reconstruction Amendments??? Black citizens are free…but are they really? The Amendments look good on paper…but did they really work in the South? At least these ideas are officially in the Constitution, but it will take a fight we still are fighting today to make them a concrete reality. Negative legacy Compromise of 1877 Barriers to freedom for Blacks in the south Black codes Jim Crow Sharecropping Terrorist/Hate groups Future of black freedom/success is minimal Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) Segregation is legal in the eyes of the U.S. Federal Government. Summarize what happened in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896). What does this demonstrate about the status of Black Americans after Reconstruction? Evaluate the success of Reconstruction after the Civil War. Was it a success of failure? Explain.