Wilderness Medical Society Practice Guidelines for the Treatment of Acute Pain in Remote Environments: 2014 Update Katie W. Russell, MD, Courtney L. Scaife, MD, David C. Weber, BS, Jeremy S. Windsor, MB ChB, Albert R. Wheeler, MD, William R. Smith, MD, Ian Wedmore, MD, Scott E. McIntosh, MD, MPH, James R. Lieberman, MD Wilderness & Environmental Medicine Volume 25, Issue 4, Pages S96-S104 (December 2014) DOI: 10.1016/j.wem.2014.07.016 Copyright © 2014 Wilderness Medical Society Terms and Conditions
Figure Pain management pyramid. IM, intramuscular; IN, intranasal; IO, intraosseous; IV, intravenous; PRICE, protection, rest, ice, compression, and elevation. Wilderness & Environmental Medicine 2014 25, S96-S104DOI: (10.1016/j.wem.2014.07.016) Copyright © 2014 Wilderness Medical Society Terms and Conditions