Are you a producer or a consumer?

Autotroph: An organism that is capable of making its own food (Producer) Heterotroph: An organism that must obtain food and energy from other sources. Otherwise, they have to EAT!! (Consumer)

The Green World’s Gift: Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis and Energy 1. Try to name something you eat that isn’t from a plant or from an animal that ate a plant. 2. All food comes from plants. Molecules of our bodies are made from food we eat, but plants make their own food from sunlight. Food is used for: a) Creating macromolecules from monomers like glucose and amino acids.

b) More importantly, food is used in respiration to generate cellular energy, ATP. Plants are the universal source of energy for all living things.

Photosynthesis in Nature The process by which plants make their own food Transforms solar energy into chemical energy. CO2 and H2O into Glucose (a simple sugar) CO2 is the carbon source and light is the energy source.

6 CO2 + 6 H2O + energy  C6H12O6 + 6 O2

Raw Materials of Photosynthesis CO2 H2O energy

Products of Photosynthesis Glucose Oxygen

4. Photosynthesis driven by only part of the visible spectrum (blue and red); plant pigments in the green plant reflects green and absorbs blue and red.

The substance in green plants that capture the sun’s light is the green pigment chlorophyll (found in chloroplasts, an organelle only found in plant cells)

Tour of a leaf, where plants absorb light: 1. Blade Leaf section, epidermis, stomata, mesophyll Chloroplasts, inner and outer membranes 4. Grana and stroma Thylakoid membrane, and compartment 6. Pigments

Stomates: openings in the leaf

Leaf cross section

for respiration is produced as a by-product of photosynthesis. Oxygen needed for respiration is produced as a by-product of photosynthesis.

Cellular Respiration Any metabolic pathway used by living organisms to break down organic molecules and extract energy In other words, changing food into energy.

The organic molecule that is being broken down is Glucose

Two categories of cellular respiration Aerobic Cellular Respiration Anaerobic Cellular Respiration

Aerobic Cellular Respiration – cellular respiration that requires oxygen, O2 C6H12O6 + 6O2 + ADP  6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP

Anaerobic Cellular Respiration Does not require oxygen Produces less energy than aerobic respiration Produces lactic acid or ethyl alcohol e.g. Lactic Acid Fermentation, Alcoholic fermentation

Where does it happen? Respiration takes place both in plant and animal cells in an organelle called the mitochondria.

Raw Materials of Respiration Glucose Oxygen

Products of Respiration Carbon Dioxide Water Energy

Answer these questions: Has a pattern emerged? How are photosynthesis and respiration dependent on one another? Give 3 examples of autotrophs and heterotrophs