SBI3U Day 4 – Leaf Structure and Function

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Presentation transcript:

SBI3U Day 4 – Leaf Structure and Function

3 Functions of Leaves Trap light energy for photosynthesis Production of sugar from photosynthesis Exchange of gases – oxygen and carbon dioxide

Wide - Helps to catch more light energy Thin - Help get carbon dioxide from bottom to top of leaf for photosynthesis

Leaf Stucture

3 Main Structural Regions Epidermis: modified cells, hairs, waxy cuticles or guard cells Mesophyll : has an upper palisade mesophyll (long, thin cells that are perpendicular to the epidermis) and a lower spongy mesophyll (large air spaces in between these cells so that the exchange of gases could occur). These are the specialized cells where photosynthesis occurs. THESE CELLS CONTAIN CHLOROPLASTS. Veins: form a network through the leaf, contain xylem (conducts water) and phloem (conducts food).

cuticle: a waxy secretion of epidermis. unction is water proof barrier epidermis: clear, no chloroplasts, protection, lower epidermis = more palisade mesophyll: parenchyma cells, lots of chloroplasts maximum photosynthesis horizontal = max exposure to the light, spongy mesophyll : parenchyma cells, lots of air spaces access to outside of leaf (via stomata). area of gas exchange veins : xylem on top, phloem below surrounded by sclerenchyma cells guard cells: in pairs holes created = stomata CO2 enters, O2 released only cells of the epidermis containing chloroplasts

Stomata and Guard Cells Light: Stomata open in the presence of light and close in darkness. Temperature: Rise = open Fall = closed Water availability: Water stressed (less water available to plant and high transpiration rate) = closed Mechanical shock: Causes stomatal closure. Oxygen Carbon dioxyde

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