New Nation

President Washington 1789 Washington was elected President He was doing EVERYTHING for the first time - no examples to follow Everything he did set a precedent Congress created several departments to help Washington run the country Heads of these departments made up the Presidents cabinet

Cabinet Secretary of State – Thomas Jefferson - in charge of foreign relations Secretary of Treasury – Alexander Hamilton

Jefferson v. Hamilton

Jefferson v. Hamilton Read pg. 138 – 141 Answer the following questions: 1. What were Hamilton’s plans? 2. Compare Hamilton and Jefferson. What did they each believe in? 3. Explain the Whiskey Rebellion.

Hamilton’s Plans Try to resolve national debt - issue with bonds - believed that the wealthy were the key - Southerners believed it favored the North - a deal was made to move the “federal city” closer to Virginia and the South would support the debt plan

Hamilton’s Plan Proposed the National Bank - private citizens would own most of the stock in the bank - bank would issue money, regulate financial affairs, and loan money to citizens Jefferson and Madison were AGAINST the plan and said it was unconstitutional Hamilton said that “the Constitution gave the gov’t implied powers to do anything necessary and proper to carry out its responsibilities”

Whiskey Rebellion Hamilton proposed a tax on distilled liquor Farmers were angry – whiskey sales = extra $$ Farmers refused to pay - they tar and feathered the tax collectors - they tried to intimidate a tax collector and it backfired – many men were wounded It took the federal army to stop the rebellion Hamilton believed you could not trust men who did not own land…

Political Beliefs Hamilton Jefferson Small farms Living in quiet, rural areas Supporters: - common people, Southern plantations, Mid-Atlantic farmers Democratic-Republicans Big cities Big banks Factories Big government Supporters: - manufacturing areas Federalist

1st International Issue What was happening in France in 1789?

What was happening in France? The French Revolution

Should the U.S. help…? Jefferson Hamilton Sided with France Had been U.S. minister to France France helped us during the Revolutionary War Worried about alliance Sided with Britain Saw destructiveness of the common people U.S. economy depended on Britain

President Washington Chose to keep the U.S. neutral France and Britain were upset – captured our ships British navy impressed our sailors Britain still had troops here and we were worried about another war Sent John Jay to negotiate a treaty with Britain

John Jay Federalist Not a successful treaty - Britain agreed to withdraw troops, but not for another year - we had to give up cotton and sugar trade with British colonies - did nothing about impressing our soldiers Favored the British which is what the Federalists wanted

Closure 1. What were the issues Washington had to face as President? 2. Explain the differences between Jefferson and Hamilton. What were their views for this new nation? 3. What were two of Hamilton’s plans? 4. What happened during the Whiskey Rebellion? 5. What international crisis did Washington face? 6. What role did John Jay play? 7. What political parties were emerging?