Matter

Anything that has mass and takes up space Defining matter Anything that has mass and takes up space

Solid Liquid Gas Has definite volume and shape States of matter Solid Has definite volume and shape Liquid Has definite volume but not shape Gas Does not have definite volume or shape

Types of matter Pure substances Elements Compounds Made up of one type of atoms Ex. Pure hydrogen Compounds Made of more than one type of atoms but only one type of molecule Ex. Pure water H2O

Types of matter Mixtures Homogeneous Heterogeneous (homo= same) Made of multiple types of molecules evenly distributed Ex. Mixtures of gases Gases dissolved in liquids Mixtures of 2 miscible (mixable) liquids Solutions - Solids fully dissolved in a liquid Ex. Salt water Heterogeneous (hetero= different) Unevenly mixed molecules Ex. Sand Suspension – solids not fully dissolved or evenly mixed in a liquid Ex. Orange juice with pulp Colloid – solids not fully dissolved but evenly mixed Ex - milk

Identifying matter Physical properties All of the properties of substance except those that effect its behavior in chemical reactions Qualitative- qualities that cannot be described using numbers Ex. Gas, liquid, solid, smell, taste, color Quantitative- properties that can be measured Ex. Melting point, boiling point, mass, solubility

Chemical properties Properties that cause specific behavior in chemical reactions Depends on the structure of the atoms in the substance

Changes in matter Physical changes Chemical changes Changes in physical properties of a substance but does not alter its basic composition Ex. Water freezing into ice Chemical changes Changes in the chemical properties of a substance resulting in an entirely new substance Ex. Gasoline burning