An Najah National University Faculty of Engineering 4/9/2019 بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم An Najah National University Faculty of Engineering Civil Engineering Department Prepared by : 1. Bashar abu hajji 2. Ahmad abu asbih 3. Adham suliman Supervisor : Dr. Hafez Q. Shaheen 4/9/2019

Study and conceptual design of Al-Malaqi bridge dam 4/9/2019

Jeser Al Malaqi is located 3.5 km from the main intersection of Study area : Jeser Al Malaqi is located 3.5 km from the main intersection of Al-Badan village with Al-Faria and linking with the Jordan Valley (Al Ghor) and Jericho City. 4/9/2019

4/9/2019

The selected location of the dam is approximately 500m downstream from Jesser Al-Malaqi at the confluence Wadi Al-Faria and wadi Al-Badan. Wadi Al Faria Wadi Al Badan 4/9/2019

The wastewater comes from Nablus city and the amount of Wastewater and springs flow : The wastewater comes from Nablus city and the amount of wastewater flow about (6000m³/day – 8000m³/day), only Small portion of it reaches the dam. the spring flow is natural Storage in al faria catchment, the number of spring is 13 springs distributed as groups (Al-faria, Al-badan, Nablus). 4/9/2019

The area of the watersheds is : A1 = 14.35 km2 A2 = 20.04km2 B1 = 82.88 km2 the four sub- catchments for the upper part of Wadi Al-Faria and Wadi Al-Badan. 4/9/2019

TP = qP= SCS is used to construct the unit hydrograph (example) Tc= ( L / V ) / 60 TP = qP= 4/9/2019

approximate average velocities in ft/s runoff flow for calculating time of concentration Description of water course Slope in percent 0 – 3 4 – 7 8 – 12 Larger than 12 Unconcentrated Woodland 0 - 1.5 1.5 - 2.5 2.5 - 3.25 Larger than 3.25 Pastures 0 - 2.5 2.5 -3.5 3.5 – 4.25 Larger than 4.25 Cultivated 3 – 4.5 4.5 – 5.5 Larger than 5.5 Pavement 0 -8.5 8.5 – 13.5 13.5 – 17 Larger than 17 Concentrated Outlet channel-determine velocity by manning formula Natural channel not well defined 0 -2 2 – 4 Larger than 7 (chow, 1989) 4/9/2019

t / Tp q / qp t(hr) q=(m3/s.cm) 0.000 0.500 0.400 1.18 5.01 1.000 2.36 this table shows the coordinates to construct the 1 cm-unit hydrograph of area (A3). t / Tp q / qp t(hr) q=(m3/s.cm) 0.000 0.500 0.400 1.18 5.01 1.000 2.36 12.54 1.500 0.660 3.54 8.27 2.000 0.320 4.72 4.01 2.500 0.100 5.9 1.25 3.000 0.050 7.08 0.62 3.500 0.015 8.26 0.19 4.000 0.025 9.44 0.31 4/9/2019

Unit hydrograph for area 1 4/9/2019

Flow Routing 4/9/2019

attenuation and translation. The modal value is about 0.2. S= K {XI + (1 - X) O} K: is a constant, approximates travel time of the flood wave through the reach. X: is a factor that weighs the relative influence of inflow and outflow upon the storage for most river channels, X lies between 0.1 and 0.3, indicating both attenuation and translation. The modal value is about 0.2. 4/9/2019

The routed unit hydrograph is shown below. 4/9/2019

I: intensity of rainfall (mm). A: area of the catchment (m2). CIA method (peack value) : Runoff volume = C * I * A Where: C: runoff coefficient. I: intensity of rainfall (mm). A: area of the catchment (m2). Runoff coefficient = 0.2 (example) For I = 2.5 mm/day Q = C * I * A = 0.2 * 0.0025 (m / day) * 138 * 106 m2 = 0.069 MCM/day 4/9/2019

4/9/2019

Dam design Dam height(m) Dam face Soil conditions >50% gravel >15% clay >50% sand >55%clay 3 Upstream 2.5:1 3:1 Downstream 2:1 3.1-6 6.1-15 3.5:1 Nelson (1985) 4/9/2019

4/9/2019

4/9/2019

Cumulative volume (m³) Storage volume The calculation of storage volume done by using the following equation (prismoidal formula): V = L/3 (A1 + An + 2 ( A3+A5+ …… + An-2) +4(A2+A4+……+An-1) For n = 3: V = L/3 * (A1 + 4A2 + A3) Height of dam (m) Depth of water(m) Area of surface (m²) Cumulative volume (m³) 5 5108 8514 24403 73778 10 54303 180362 15 99087 517355 4/9/2019

4/9/2019 4/9/2019

pan Evaporation rate(mm/month) January 49.6 February 67.2 March 99.2 Evaporation volume : Month pan Evaporation rate(mm/month) January 49.6 February 67.2 March 99.2 April 149.1 May 202.7 June 225.9 July 237.9 August 218.2 September 177.6 October 131.1 November 74.4 December 48.6 Summation 1681 Average for winter seasons 67.8 Evaporation Volume=Evaporation rate*area Evaporation Volume= (67.8/ (1000*30))* 45725.25=103.33 m3/day (average daily ) 4/9/2019

Infiltration volume 4/9/2019

From the above figure we get the infiltration rate: Infiltration rate = 10 mm/hr Infiltration volume = infiltration rate * area = (10/1000)*45,725.25 *24 = 10,974 m3/day 4/9/2019

Hydraulic conductivity (K) Seepage volume (L.Casagrande’s method 1932) q = k Lsinϴ² in (m²/s) L = (√ (d²+H²) –√ (d²- H²cotϴ²)) in (m) For k : the value depend on the type of the soil . The type of soil is silty clay K = 0.0005 Hydraulic conductivity (K) Soil type Cm/sec Ft/min Clean gravel 100-1.0 200-2.0 Coarse sand 1.0-0.01 2.0-0.02 Fine sand 0.01-0.001 0.02-0.002 Silty clay 0.001-0.00001 0.002-0.00002 Clay <0.000001 <0.000002 From Principles of geotechnical engineering 4/9/2019

q = (0.0005) *(13.61) (sin21)2 = 8.73*10^-4 (m²/s) H=15 m , D=69.55m , ϴ=21⁰ , K=0.0005 L= √5062.2-√3310.24 = 13.61m q = (0.0005) *(13.61) (sin21)2 = 8.73*10^-4 (m²/s) Take length of the dam = 85m Q= 8.73*10^-4 (m²/s)* 85 (m) = 0.0007429 m3/s Q= 0.0745*60*60*24=64.2 m3/d 4/9/2019

Design of spillway The time of concentration = 2.5hr = 150 min I = 8 mm/hr Q = C *I *A = 0.2 * 0.008 (m/hr) * 138 * 10 6 m2 / 3600s = 61.33 m3/s 4/9/2019

We will use 3 pipes with diameter 2.5 m each. For three pipes : Q = 20.44 m3/s Assume velocity = 5 m/s A = Q / V = 20.44 / 5 = 12.26 m2 D = 2.28 m We will use 3 pipes with diameter 2.5 m each. (this is for emergency outflow to avoid damage of dam). 4/9/2019

Requirements 1. Change the road connect Nablus to Jordan valley such as the new road become over the reservoir level. 2. Badan sub-catchment wastewater flowing from Nablus East should be treated and stored with the runoff water and to recharge into the aquifer and used for agricultural activities. 3. Studies are needed to investigate the infiltrated water quality at the site of the dam. 4. Evaluate the required infiltration rate (hydraulic conductivity) and treat the soil of the dam accordingly. 4/9/2019

Happy to answer your question 4/9/2019