Groups of Elements
Group 1 – The Alkali metals Demonstyration of the reactions of sodium, potassium and lithium with eater
Group 1 – The Alkali Metals 1. They are all shiny metals which are easily cut with a knife. 2. They all have 1 valence electron 3. They are all extremely reactive and have to be stored in oil to prevent them from reacting with the oxygen in the air.
Demonstration – The reaction of the alkali metals with water 1 – The reaction of lithium with water https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m55kgyApYrY 2 – The reaction of sodium with water 3 – The reaction of potassium with water
Group 2 – The earth alkali metals Includes the following elements: Beryllium (Be) Magnesium (Mg) Calcium (Ca) and others! They are all metals All of the elements in group one have two electrons in their outermost shell! They are reactive- They have a tendency when reacting with outer elements to lose these outer electrons and form ionic compounds They react less vigorously with water to produce hydrogen
Group 2 – The Alkaline Earth Metals 1. They all have 2 electrons in their outer shell 2. They are reactive but not as reactive as the alkali metals
Groups 3 -11 The d block metals Includes the following elements: Scandium (Sc) Titanium (Ti) Vanadium (V) Chromium (Cr) Manganese (Mn) Iron (Fe) Cobalt (Co) Nickel (Ni) Copper (Co) Zinc (Zn) and others! First row from scandium to zinc are called the d block elements A transition element metal is one which forms at least one ion with a partially filled d sublevel group 12 are not transition metals They are all metals and are usually brightly colored and act as catalysts for chemical reactions
Group 13 All have 3 electrons on their outermost shell! Chemically boron is electron-deficient, possessing a vacant p-orbital. It is an electrophile. Compounds of boron often behave as Lewis acids, readily bonding with electron-rich substances to compensate for boron's electron deficiency. The reactions of boron are dominated by such requirement for electrons. Also, boron is the least electronegative non-metal, meaning that it is usually oxidized (loses electrons) in reactions. All have 3 electrons on their outermost shell!
Group 14
Group 15
Group 16 All have 6 electrons on their outermost shell! All of the group are metals except for Polonium which is a metal
Group 17 - The Halogens Non metals 7 electrons in their valence shell Very reactive - They have a tendency when reacting with outer compounds to gain one electron
Group 17 - The Halogens Chlorine gas Bromine iodine
Group 18 - The Noble gases non metals 8 valence electrons- which makes them chemically stable Odorless and colorless gases Unreactive Called inert gases in the 1800s as it was thought that they didn’t react with other elements at all
Group 18 - The Noble gases Helium gas Chemically aloof Neon - A colorless, inert noble gas under standard conditions, neon gives a distinct reddish glow when used in vacuum discharge tubes and neon lamps
The odd one out.. Hydrogen