SC.8.P.8.4 Properties of Matter Classify & compare substances on the basis of physical properties that can be measured (density, thermal, electrical conductivity, solubility, magnetic properties, melting & boiling points & know that these properties do not depend on the amount of the substance.

Bell ringer True/false Changing the location of an object affects the objects mass Why Is it important for scientist to include units of measure when conducting experiments, trials, or studies? Solve the following: Calculate the mass of the mystery object: Density= 25 g Volume= 30 g

Physical Properties observations without changing the identity Changing the mass or volume does not change the substance States of matter: GAS, LIQUID or SOLID Also, malleability Electrical conductivity magnetism Boiling point solubility Density Shine or luster Thermal conductivity

Chemical Properties Describes a substances ability to change into another Can only be observed as the substance changes Flammability Reactivity

Bell ringer: (write the question) What is a chemical property? Provide an example How would you define temperature? What does the word kinetic mean? (hint: kinetic energy)

Physical vs. Chemical Physical can be observed without changing the identity Example: Making something colder or hotter Chemical can ONLY be observed by changing the identity

What is the kinetic theory of matter? All of the particles that make up matter are constantly in motion.

How do particles move inside a solid, liquid, and gas? Particles are close together and do not have much place for movement Particles vibrate back and forth Liquids Particles move much more freely than a solid Gasses Particles are furthest apart and can move around at high speeds

How do you describe a solid? A solid has a definite shape and a definite volume. Two types of solid Crystalline solid Amorphous solid

Amorphous solids Crystalline solid Particles are not arranged in a regular pattern Does not melt at a certain temperature Ex. Glass, plastic, and rubber Crystalline solid Solids that are made up of crystals When heated can melt Ex. Salt, sugar, snow

What is temperature? Temperature is the average kinetic energy of all particles in an object When something is cold, that means the particles are moving very slow When something is hot the particles are moving very fast

How do we measure temperature? Temperature is measured used an instrument called a thermometer It can be measured in Celsius, Fahrenheit, and kelvin

What is heat? Heat is the energy transferred from one object at a higher temperature to an object at a lower temperature.

What is thermal energy? Thermal Energy is the total kinetic energy of all particles in a substance. Involves the temperature of an object and the size of the object

What is a conductor and insulator? Is a material that is a poor conductor of heat Ex: Rubber Oven mitts Conductor a conductor is a material that transfers heat very well Ex: Metal

Melting point The specific point melting occurs is known as melting point. The change in state from solid to liquid is called melting.

Boiling point The change in state from a liquid to a gas is called vaporization. Vaporization that takes place both below and at the surface of a liquid is called boiling. The temperature at which liquid boils is called boiling point.

Identifying a substance by using chemical & physical properties Characteristic properties: properties that are unique to a substance Density (physical) Flammability (chemical)

What is a force? A force is simply a push or pull A force can cause an object to accelerate All forces act on objects

How can forces act? Forces can act in direct contact or at a distance Contact forces When one objects touches another Forces that act on a distance Magnetic force gravity Forces can transfer energy Examples: Friction Winding a emergency radio

How do multiple forces interact? Net force The combination of all the forces acting on a object How do we calculate net force? When forces act in the same direction, they are simply added together When forces act in opposite directions, the smaller force is subtracted from the larger force.

How do multiple forces interact? Balanced forces do not change motion Motion is caused by a unbalanced force Unbalanced forces combine to produce acceleration