WWII

Adolf Hitler Dictator of Germany - 1933 The Rise of Dictators Dictator – a leader who gains complete control of a country’s government. Hitler’s Political party was called the Nazi party. They believed in fascism (individual freedoms are denied and complete power is given to the government). Adolf Hitler Dictator of Germany - 1933

Dictators Everywhere!!!! Their goals: to attack and conquer other countries. Hirohito was the dictator in Japan, and planned to build a massive empire in East Asia

Propaganda

Youth Hitler Youth wanted to join If they didn’t they were fined or worse Taught: Hunting Fighting Weaponry Superiority of Germans Hitler Youth policed Jews

Schools Hitler’s picture was posted Used Jews as a scapegoat Children forced to stand at the front and be ridiculed Eventually, laws were passed preventing Jews from going to school

The Two Alliances Axis Powers Allied Powers Germany-Hitler Italy-Mussolini Japan – Hirohito Soviet Union- Stalin Allied Powers Britain - Churchill France Poland Who started it? Germany threatened to invade Poland. Britain and France said, “You better not, or else…” Germany ignored the threat and did it anyway. Britain and France declared war on Germany. Unfortunately, Germany quickly conquered France and Poland.

Will the U.S. join? Problem Solution Winston Churchill (leader of Britain) needed U.S. help! Americans didn’t want another World War. (isolationism) Solution Lend-Lease policy – The U.S. let Britain borrow military supplies without officially entering the war.

The Situation Changed… Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor, Hawaii Japan Thought the U.S. was standing in their way America Spoke out against Japanese expansion

Pearl Harbor, Hawaii

America’s Reaction

Japanese Americans Japanese Internment Camps The Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor. How did this impact the way Americans felt about the Japanese living in America? Japanese Internment Camps

Japanese Internment Camps

Apologizing for Internment In 1983 a congressional commission issued a report condemning internment as unjust and motivated by racism. In 1988, the government issued $20,000 payments to each surviving internee. Why did some families refuse to take the money?

The U.S. Enters WWII …and the Soviet Union? Soviet Union was ruled by a dictator named Joseph Stalin. Although Stalin had an agreement with Hitler, Hitler invaded the Soviet Union. Stalin had no choice but to join the Allied Powers.

Axis Powers Italy Japan Germany Also, Hungary, Romania and Bulgaria Benito Mussolini Germany Adolf Hitler Japan Hirohito Also, Hungary, Romania and Bulgaria

Allied Powers Great Britain United States of America The Soviet Union Winston Churchill United States of America Franklin D. Roosevelt The Soviet Union Joseph Stalin Also, France, Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Denmark, China, Greece, Netherlands, New Zealand, Poland, Norway, South Africa, and Yugoslavia

United States Draft Card The U.S. was not prepared for war. 10 million men were drafted

End of The Great Depression Supply and Demand Allied Powers need weapons – We can make them. How did this get us out of the Great Depression? How did this impact our economy?

What were the roles of women during WWII? Radio Operators Factory Workers Nurses Airplanes Pilots Mechanics Athletes Rosie the Riveter

What were the roles of African Americans during WWII? Tuskegee Airmen

“Do Your Part” How did Americans help the war effort? Metal scrap drives Rationing Victory Gardens

The Master Race Hitler believed in Aryan Supremacy- The belief that Germans are better than all other races He especially believed that people with blond hair and blue eyes were superior Other groups such as Jews, gypsies, Jehovah's Witnesses, and handicapped people were considered inferior and targeted.

The Holocaust The Nazi party had a strict policy of anti-Semitism (the hatred of Jews). Laws limited the rights of Jews in Germany. During WWII, Nazi leaders attempted to destroy the entire Jewish population of Europe. When German forces captured a country, they arrested all Jews who lived there. Jewish people were taken to concentration camps.

Gas Chamber Crematorium

Concentration Camps

Concentration Camps

Major Events of WWII D-Day (Date of Invasion) Who: General Dwight D. Eisenhower, 175,000 soldiers, and 6,000 ships. Where: Normandy, France What: The Allies fought their way onto the beach and successfully invaded Normandy, making their way toward Germany. When: June 6, 1944

Major Events of WWII V-E Day (Victory in Europe) May 8, 1945 Germany surrendered The United States and Soviet Union invaded Germany at the same time from two different locations. When Soviet Union neared Berlin, Hitler killed himself

Major Events of WWII Iwo Jima Strategy: Island hopping – capture the most important islands from the Japanese. The fighting on Iwo Jima was “the toughest the Marines ran across in 168 years” (70,000 Japanese soldiers died) What will the US do because so many soldiers are dying?

New Technology Manhattan Project – code name given to the effort to build an atomic bomb. Albert Einstein

“Fat Man”

Hiroshima, Japan First Atomic Bomb used in war.

Nagasaki, Japan Second Atomic Bomb used in war.

Major Events of WWII V-J Day (Victory in Japan) August 14, 1945 Harry S. Truman (New US President) decided to use atomic bombs on Japan. WHY? This might force Japan to surrender and save American lives.

Rebuilding Europe Europe had no money, jobs, food, raw materials… But it did have a ton of homeless people, debris, deaths, and a failing economy… Europe was in shambles.

United Nations 50 countries met and formed the United Nations Purpose: To promote global cooperation to try to avoid such terrible wars in the future.

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