DYSPHAGIA.

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Presentation transcript:

DYSPHAGIA

Difficulty in swallowing from any part of the gut starting from mouth to stomach

CLINICAL EXAMINATION ORAL CAVITY LUMPS IN THE NECK THYROID ANEMIA

BLOOD TESTS HB Serum calcium albumin lFTS

Xray Chest Barium swallow Endoscopy C.T MRI Manometry

Acquired: infective Tonsilitis Supraglottitis Candidiasis Parapharyngeal abscess GERD

Acquired :Drug induced Tetracyclines Vit c Ferrous sulphates Anticholinergics Anti depressants Calcium channel blockers antiemetics

Acquired Foreign body Caustic strictures

Motility disorders Achlasia Diffuse oesophageal spasm Nut cracker oesophagus

Achlasia treatment Balloon myotomy Surgical myotomy

DES and Nut cracker esophagus Involves lower 1/3 mostly High pressure contractions Muscle hypertrophy Manometry Calcium channel blockers for treatment

Esophageal cancer the most important reason for presenting in surgical wards