Title of notes: formation and mining of minerals pg. 4 & 5 RS

Bell work Week 21 Pick a science word and write the definition. Chapter 3 Goal for lesson: write on self assessment I can describe where most of the minerals in the Earth are and what mining is.

I’ll know I’ve got it when… Learning target I can describe where most of the minerals in the Earth are and what mining is. Today I am… analyzing which layer of the Earth contains the most minerals and what mining is. So that I’ll be able to… understand how mining impacts our Earth and what we can do to reduce consumption of minerals. I’ll know I’ve got it when…

Types of minerals Silicate minerals – Silicon and oxygen are the two most common elements in the crust. Non-Silicate – Minerals that don’t contain a combination of the elements silicon and oxygen.

Silicate minerals make up more than 90% of the Earth’s crust.

Silicate mineral example – Quartz Non-silicate mineral example - Graphite

Almost all known minerals can be found in the Earth’s crust. Some minerals can form deep within the Earth as well.

How do minerals form? Magma: Temperature, pressure, or chemical changes cause minerals to form in metamorphic rocks. (Talc, graphite, calcite) Hot-water solutions: Ground water works it’s way downward and is heated by magma. It then reacts with minerals to form a hot liquid solution. Dissolved metals crystalize to form new minerals. Evaporating water: When a body of water dries up, minerals such as gypsum and halite are left behind.

Write one way in which mining can be damaging to the environment. Assessment Write one way in which mining can be damaging to the environment.

Many rocks and minerals must be mined. Mining! Many rocks and minerals must be mined. Ore: A mineral deposit (build up) that is large enough to be mined for a profit.

Surface or open pit mining – The removal of minerals or other materials near the Earth’s surface.

Deep mining – The removal of minerals from deep within the Earth.

Mining gives us the minerals we need, but it also creates problems. Reclamation – Returning the land to its original state after the mining is complete. Mining gives us the minerals we need, but it also creates problems. Mining can destroy or disturb the habitats of plants and animals.

Reclamation has been required by law since the mid 1970’s. The waste products from a mine can get into water sources polluting both surface and ground water. Reclamation has been required by law since the mid 1970’s.

Mineral ores are nonrenewable resources, meaning we are using them at a rate faster than they can be replenished How can we help? By recycling many of the mineral products we use (such as aluminum, and iron) we can reduce the need for the mining of new minerals.