NEWTON'S SECOND LAW OF MOTION.

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Newton’s Second Law of Motion

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Presentation transcript:

NEWTON'S SECOND LAW OF MOTION

SECOND LAW LAW OF ACCELERATION The acceleration (a) of a body is directly proportional and in the same direction as the net force (F) applied to it and inversely proportional to the mass (m). a (m/s2) = Force (kg-m/s2) mass (kg) Unit of force = 1 newton (N) = kg-m/s2

Calculating for the Acceleration given the Force and Mass To calculate the acceleration, plug in the numbers for force (100 N) and mass (50 kg) into the equation a = F/m; the acceleration is 2 m/s2.

Effect of Doubling the Force on Acceleration given a constant Mass If the mass of the sled stays at 50 kg and another dog pulling with the same force (100 N) is added to the team, the total force would be 200 N. The acceleration would be 4 m/s2.

Effect of Equal Opposing Forces on Acceleration of an Object If two dogs are on each side, then the total force pulling to the left (200 N) balances the total force pulling to the right (200 N). That means the net force on the sled is zero, so the sled doesn’t move.

Why would freely falling objects have the same acceleration? Objects with higher mass would require a higher amount of force. Objects with lower mass would require a smaller amount of force.

The force-to-mass ratio of the elephant is equal to the force-to-mass ratio of the mouse. What quantity is represented by this force-to-mass ratio?

Acceleration (a), net force (Fnet) and mass (m) Acceleration is directly proportional with Fnet and inversely proportional with mass. The Fnet to mass ratio is its acceleration. a a Fnet mass slope = a Fnet mass

Graphs of Uniformly and Non-Uniformly Accelerated Bodies slope = constant “a” Uniformly accelerated object Fnet mass slope = variable “a” Non-uniformly accelerated object Fnet mass

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