Grammar Notes: Hyphens
Hyphens with Prefixes mid-Atlantic post-Elizabethan A hyphen is NOT ordinarily used to join a prefix to a word. There are a few exceptions, however. #1. Use a hyphen after any prefix joined to a proper noun or a proper adjective. Examples: mid-Atlantic post-Elizabethan
#2 -Also, use a hyphen after the prefixes all-, ex- (meaning ‘former’), and self- joined to any noun or adjective. Examples: ex-coach self-confidence
Examples: #3 Use a hyphen after the prefix anti- when it joins a word beginning with i. #4 Also use a hyphen after the prefix vice-, EXCEPT in vice president. Examples: anti-icing vice-mayor I HATE icing!!!
#5 Use a hyphen to avoid confusion between words beginning with re- that look alike but are different in meaning and pronunciation. Examples: re-cover the couch vs. recover the couch That new covering on the couch looks lovely! So THAT’S where our couch was!
Hyphens with compounds and numbers Use a hyphen in a compound adjective that precedes a noun. In general, a compound adjective that follows a noun is not hyphenated. Examples: dark-green eyes vs. Her eyes are dark green. fifteen-year-old aunt vs. Her aunt is fifteen years old.
Hyphenate any spelled-out number up to ninety-nine. Hyphens and Numbers Hyphenate any spelled-out number up to ninety-nine. Examples: sixty-four eighty-two
Fractions Hyphenate a fraction that is expressed in words. Examples: one-eighth one-quarter one-half
Hyphenate two numerals to indicate a span. Examples: pages 30-56 1986-1996 HYPHENS!!!