Nutrition and Health AQA 11.2 b1a gcse

Diet - the basics Healthy diets are balanced in the context of Proteins – build muscle and cells Proteins – build muscle and cells Carbohydrates- starch and sugars - energy Carbohydrates- starch and sugars - energy Fats and oils – cell membranes and energy Fats and oils – cell membranes and energy Minerals and vitamins - health Minerals and vitamins - health Fibre – helps food move through the intestine Fibre – helps food move through the intestine Water – hydration of the body Water – hydration of the body

Eat more of some and less of others

What is malnutrition?

Health and Body image What factors influence how we see ourselves? Advertising? Models, film stars or famous people? Popular music culture Who are most vulnerable to images of so called desirable body shape and size?

What do you think?

Anorexia – physiological disease

Lack of food and health problems Deficiencies – there are so many you dont need to know any – (Scurvy – lack of vitamin C is one) Deficiencies – there are so many you dont need to know any – (Scurvy – lack of vitamin C is one) BUT you must know that starvation causes: Reduced resistance to disease. Reduced resistance to disease. Irregular periods in women - Irregular periods in women -

Obesity How would you describe an obese person? How would you describe an obese person? Where does Where does being overweight stop and obesity start?

Obesity – is also malnutrition However it can be linked to a persons genes, some families are more likely to become overweight without careful dietary control, particularly when linked with poor exercise routine

TOO MUCH FOOD AND TOO LITLE EXERCISE WILL LEAD TO Arthritis – worn joints Arthritis – worn joints Diabetes – high blood sugar level Diabetes – high blood sugar level High blood pressure High blood pressure Heart and blood vessel Heart and blood vessel disease (cardiovascular)

A question of balance To maintain your weight Energy intake = energy output Does a bricklayer need to eat more than a teacher? Do Eskimos need to eat more high energy foods than us?

Height to weight ratio Height to weight ratio

Body mass index BMI Categories: Underweight = <18.5 Underweight = <18.5 Normal weight = Normal weight = Overweight = Overweight = Obesity = BMI of 30 or greater Obesity = BMI of 30 or greater BMI = weight Kg ÷ height 2 m 2 Doctors can assess whether people are obese using BMI – however it is not totally reliable. What is your BMI?

Fast foods High in fats and salt – High in fats and salt – not good if eaten to excess. not good if eaten to excess.

Diets – which do you choose? Atkins G.I diet Weight watchers F-plan and the rest