Volume 68, Issue 4, Pages (October 2005)

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Volume 68, Issue 4, Pages 1857-1865 (October 2005) Increased muscle protein breakdown in chronic hemodialysis patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus Lara B. Pupim, Paul J. Flakoll, Karen M. Majchrzak, Deanna L. Aftab Guy, Peter Stenvinkel, T. Alp Ikizler Kidney International Volume 68, Issue 4, Pages 1857-1865 (October 2005) DOI: 10.1111/j.1523-1755.2005.00605.x Copyright © 2005 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the metabolic study day protocol. Arrowheads denote time points for blood draws and breath sample collections. Metabolic cart and plethysmography measurements were performed once during the equilibration phase. A primed-constant infusion of L-(1-13C) leucine and L-(ring-2H5) phenylalanine was maintained throughout the entire study (360 min). Kidney International 2005 68, 1857-1865DOI: (10.1111/j.1523-1755.2005.00605.x) Copyright © 2005 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Plasma enrichment of expired CO2 at study time points. Kidney International 2005 68, 1857-1865DOI: (10.1111/j.1523-1755.2005.00605.x) Copyright © 2005 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Plasma enrichment of KIC at study time points. Kidney International 2005 68, 1857-1865DOI: (10.1111/j.1523-1755.2005.00605.x) Copyright © 2005 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 4 Plasma amino acids concentrations comparing DM (▪) with non-DM (□) patients. TAA, amino acids; EAA, essential amino acids; NEAA, nonessential amino acids; BCAA, branched-chain amino acids. * Denotes significant difference between type 2 DM versus non-DM. Kidney International 2005 68, 1857-1865DOI: (10.1111/j.1523-1755.2005.00605.x) Copyright © 2005 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 5 Forearm muscle protein components comparing DM (▪) with non-DM (□) patients. *Denotes significant difference between T2DM versus non-DM. Kidney International 2005 68, 1857-1865DOI: (10.1111/j.1523-1755.2005.00605.x) Copyright © 2005 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 6 Whole-body protein components comparing DM (▪) with non-DM (□) patients. Kidney International 2005 68, 1857-1865DOI: (10.1111/j.1523-1755.2005.00605.x) Copyright © 2005 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions