The Cell Theory All living things are made up of cells Cells only arise from pre-existing cells. The cell is the basic unit of life.

Matthias Schleiden, Theodor Schwann and Rudolph Virchow All three scientists contributed to Cell Theory

Robert Hooke English Naturalist Was the first to use the term cell. Looked at cork cells under the compound microscope.

Anton van Leeuwenhoek Anton was a Dutch scientist who is considered “the Father of microbiology.” The first scientist to see animalcules, or tiny living things

Cells

The Cell Membrane Controls movements into and out of the cell Is semi-permeable, or selectively permeable. Helps maintain the shape of the cell.

Cytoplasm gel-like material which contains materials involved in cell metabolism. Holds everything in place

Chromosomes/DNA Contains code that guides all cell activities They are found in the nucleus. Chromosomes contain the genes that determine an organisms characteristics.

The Nucleus and The Nucleolus THE BRAIN! Serves as the control center of the cell and contains Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) Nucleolus- Contains RNA Nuclear membrane – Control what goes in or out of the Nucleus. Animal, Plant and Eukaryotes have these three organelles Prokaryotes do not have these…

Mitochondria Power House of The Cell. Makes ATP/ Energy These organelles are more plentiful in active cells

Endoplasmic Reticulum Transports materials throughout the cell. Makes lipids, breaks down materials Rough ER contains Ribosome's. Smooth ER has no Ribosome's Transports materials throughout the cell.

Golgi Bodies Packages and secretes the proteins made by the Ribosome's. Look like stacks of pancakes.

Lysosomes Powerful chemicals that break things down.

Vacuoles Plays a role in intercellular digestion Store water. Are much larger in plant cells.

Prokaryote Have no formed nucleus Are unicellular Are very disorganized. Have a cell wall, cytoplasm, ribosomes, bacteria have cell membrane Bacteria are prokaryotes

Eukaryote Have a Nucleus Have cell membrane bound organelles Are very organized. Can be unicellular or multi-cellular. Have these other organelles; nuclei, mitochondrion, lysosome, golgi apparatus, ribosomes PLANT AND ANIMAL CELLS!!!

Plant Cells Have two main differences from animal cells 1. Cell wall = a tough, usually flexible but sometimes fairly rigid layer that surrounds a cell 2. Chloroplasts = organelles found in plant and other eukaryotic organisms that conduct photosynthesis