Emissions of greenhouse gases from aviation and navigation

The National Environmental Protection Agency (APAT) is the key institution involved in the estimation process Basic data Ministry of Industrial Activities provides: the National Energy Balance, annual publication. Total fuel consumption for aviation and marine transport is not distinguished between domestic and international; in addition, as concerns maritime activities, data on consumption for inland waterways (ferries connecting mainland to islands and leisure boats) are also reported

the Petrochemical Bulletin, quarterly publication the Petrochemical Bulletin, quarterly publication. Consumption for military aviation by fuel is available but no data for military marine Ministry of Transportation provides: the National Transport Statistics Yearbook. Data on arrivals and departures both for aviation and navigation are reported into domestic and international Emission factors CORINAIR/IPCC values according to national specificities

Methodology A detailed study was carried out for the year 1999 both for aviation and maritime emissions in order to better distinguish between domestic and international consumption Origin–destination matrix was available Default EFs were used but better characterized by the actual air force and marine fleet in order to derive a national average emission factor

Aviation Emissions and consumption from LTO cycles, cruise were calculated using EFs by type of aircraft and related engine. The distinction between domestic and international was made on account of the origin-destination flights National average emission and consumption factors were therefore calculated for LTO cycles and cruise both domestic and international. The estimated consumption led to an overestimation of about 4% as compared the total value in the national energy balance

To carry out GHG estimates in the national inventory, consumptions are calculated for the complete time series for LTO, both domestic and international, and for domestic cruise using the average consumption factors, whereas consumption for international cruise is derived by difference from the total fuel consumption reported in the national energy balance and the above estimated values. Emission factors are those derived from the study

Navigation Consumption and emissions were estimated for national and international traffic in account of the type of ship and related engine and origin-destination matrix. National emissions were also divided into harbour activities and national cruise Harbour and national cruise consumptions are estimated for the whole time series using the consumption factors derived from the study, whereas the difference between the estimated fuel consumption and that reported in the National Energy Balance is computed as consumption in international cruise

CRF year 2002