Saturday, 06 April 2019Saturday, 06 April 2019 Do Now: Recap Match the point to the example. Use the hand out if you get stuck. Challenge: How did Roosevelt increase the powers of the President? Summarise in no more than 50 words.

How did Roosevelt extend the powers of the presidency? LOs: 1. To recall examples of how New Dealism challenged the status quo: rugged individualism, the role of federal responsibility and the powers of the executive 2. To support and explain how and why Roosevelt extended the power of the president to intervene in foreign affairs 3. To explain the reaction of conservatives and the Supreme Court

Capitalism and faith in the free market economy Recap: What were American attitudes towards isolationism? Internationalism Popular isolationism Exporting democracy (world police) Peace Capitalism and faith in the free market economy Laissez-faire Limited government protection of private enterprise. Successive Republican governments recognised that it was in their economic interest to intervene abroad, to facilitate European political and economic stability; the US needed to facilitate German economic recovery in order to recover its own war debts from Britain and France. A politically stable co-operative Europe would prevent disruption to US trade. Germany would also provide an important market for US exports and trade. In 1924, Vice President Charles Dawes agreed The Dawes Plan with Germany, which reduced Germany’s reparations payments over a longer period of time and helped to rescue Germany from the Ruhr Crisis and hyperinflation with a loan of 800 million gold marks. In 1929, the Young Plan further reduced reparations to £1.8 million (originally £6.6 billion). ‘Never again’ amongst voters; five million men had been drafted into the US army for a war that they had no ideological stake in. The US Senate refused to ratify US membership of the League of Nations (which Wilson had created) in 1920.

How did Roosevelt extend the powers of the presidency in foreign policy? Why did Americans want to maintain their isolationism? (p.53) What legislation was passed to ensure neutrality but maintain keep the economy afloat? (p.54) Why did Roosevelt want to dismantle this legislation? What was he worried about? (p.54) Give three examples where Roosevelt’s actions were constitutionally and legally dubious (p.54) How did his powers increase during WWII? (p.55) Why did Roosevelt give aid to the Soviets after 1941 and what were the differing opinions on this? (p.56) Why is the argument that the Cold War could have been avoided if Roosevelt had lived unpersuasive? (p.56-7) Challenge: Why do you think Roosevelt faced so much opposition from conservatives and the Supreme Court? ‘Roosevelt undermined the American Constitution in the interests of his country and pragmatism?’ How far do you agree?