Big Q: What do I need to Revise for the Gas Exchange test? Friday, April 05, 2019 Starter: State the muscles in your arm. Describe how your muscles change when you bend your arm up. Biceps contract Triceps relaxes Biceps relaxes Triceps contract Bending your arm up Extend your arm out These are antagonistic muscles. Big Q: What do I need to Revise for the Gas Exchange test? http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/pe/appliedanatomy/3_anatomy_muscles_rev4.shtml LO: State the different processes involved in gas exchange Describe how gases move around the body using different systems. Explain how different chemicals can affect the respiratory system.

Groups 1 2 4 5 6 7 8 Jacob Mackenzie OliviaW Beth Daniel Jay Lily-May 3 4 5 6 7 8 Jacob Mackenzie Adrienna OliviaW Beth Daniel Jay Lily-May Sam Lucy Austeja Katie Eric Stevie Kieron Alex Niamh Jack Urte Isobel Emily Abi Oliwia L Lewis Chelsey Darcey

CHALLENGE: What does the above picture show you about respiration? 1. Aerobic Respiration State what respiration is. Describe the equation of respiration. Explain where respiration takes place and why it is important. CHALLENGE: What does the above picture show you about respiration?

2. Anaerobic Respiration When anaerobic respiration takes place, lactic acid is also produced. Lactic acid builds up in the muscle cells and prevents the muscles doing their job. This is thought to cause fatigue and sometimes cramp. After exercise the body needs to remove the lactic acid before it causes damage to cells. What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration? Describe what oxygen debt is. Explain how we can get rid of a stitch when exercising for long periods of time. What are the similarities and differences of aerobic and anaerobic respiration? CHALLENGE: What would anaerobic respiration look like in a plant?

CHALLENGE: What would happen if the alveoli are damaged? 3. Gas Exchange A B C D E F G H I Label the parts of the lungs using the labels. Describe which pathway the oxygen molecules take when you breathe in. Explain why oxygen needs to be exchanged at the alveoli. Draw what the alveoli looks like and say how the alveoli is adapted to carry out gas exchange. CHALLENGE: What would happen if the alveoli are damaged?

CHALLENGE: What would happen if the heart is not functioning properly? 4. Circulatory system What are the 3 things it is made up of? Describe the pathway of blood. Explain why blood needs to be pumped around the body. CHALLENGE: What would happen if the heart is not functioning properly?

5. Blood vessels Draw diagrams of the blood vessels with names Describe how these blood vessels are different to each other. Explain why valves are present in veins. CHALLENGE: Why are there 2 sections to the heart and how does this link in with the blood vessels?

Describe what happens when you breathe in and out. 6. Breathing What is breathing? Describe what happens when you breathe in and out. Explain the difference between breathing (ventilation) and respiration. CHALLENGE: Explain how the model of balloons show how lungs work. Why is it a good model and a bad model?

7. Effects of Chemicals Which chemicals can affect your breathing? Describe what can happen to the lungs if you smoke. Explain how each of these chemicals can be dangerous. CHALLENGE: Why do people find it hard to quit smoking ? How are we trying to help these people?

8. Skeletal & Muscular systems Name 5 main bones and muscles. Describe how a joint works. Explain how muscles can work in pairs. CHALLENGE: Why do older people struggle with their joints? Why does this happen?

If you have finished…try some questions from the red book to test your revision! Page number Question 32 13 55 3 59 7 66 14 EXTENSION: Plan an experiment to investigate the strength of your muscles. Independent (change) Dependent (measure) Control (same) Method (step by step instructions of how to carry out your experiment.) Results table Independent variable Dependent variable

Questions What is produced when aerobic respiration takes place? What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration? Where does oxygen diffuse into when it reaches the alveoli? Why does the blood travel to the lungs from the heart? Which blood vessel carries blood away from the heart? What is the difference between breathing & respiration? Why is carbon monoxide dangerous? Give me an example of antagonistic pairs of muscles. Aerobic respiration Anaerobic respiration Gas exchange Circulatory system Blood vessels Breathing Effects of chemicals Skeletal & muscular systems Carbon dioxide & water. Aerobic –with oxygen anaerobic – without oxygen. The bloodstream. To get oxygen. Artery. Breathing = physical & respiration = chemical reaction Takes place of oxygen on red blood cells. Biceps & triceps.