TASK: Counseling Military Personnel CONDITIONS: Given FM 22-101 STANDARDS: IAW FM 22-101

COUNSELING: A process involving a helping relationship directed toward improvement or change in behavior. 3 PHASE PROCESS: Self-exploration Self-understanding Action

IT IS MANDATORY: Leaders will regularly counsel their soldiers. Leaders who neglect to counsel their subordinates are negilgent in the performance of their duties.

LEADER’S SKILLS: *KNOW YOURSELF/SEEK TO IMPROVE *BE TECH/TACT PROFICIENT *TAKE RESPONSIBILITY FOR ACTIONS *MAKE SOUND/TIMELY DECISIONS *SET EXAMPLE *KNOW SOLDIERS/CARE FOR THEM *KEEP SOLDIERS INFORMED

LEADER’S SKILLS CONT’D: *DEVELOP RESPONSIBILITY OTHERS. *ENSURE TASK IS UNDERSTOOD, SUPERVISED, AND DONE. *TRAIN SOLDIERS AS A TEAM. *EMPLOY UNIT IAW ITS CAPABILITIES.

HOW IS COUNSELING VALUABLE TO A LEADER? *CLEAR UP MISUNDERSTANDINGS. *SAVES TIME, TEACHES PROBLEM-SOLVING. *IMPROVES MOTIVATION. *DEVELOPS TEAMWORK. *GET TO KNOW SUBORDINATES. *RETAIN GOOD SOLDIERS.

LEADER’S EFFORTS TO DEVELOP SOLDIERS SHOULD ACCOMPLISH 4 OBJECTIVES: * Cause soldier to recognize strengths and weaknesses. * Have soldier determine course of action. * Cause soldier to take appropriate action. * Have soldier assume responsibility for his/her decisions and actions.

SOURCES OF POWER: The ability to have positive control over the actions of others. * LEGITIMATE * REWARD * COERCIVE * REFERENT * EXPERT

APPROACHES TO COUNSELING: * DIRECTIVE * NONDIRECTIVE * COMBINED

BASIC SKILLS: DEVELOPED BY STUDYING HUMAN BEHAVIOR, KNOWING PROBLEMS THAT AFFECT SOLDIERS, AND BECOMING GOOD AT DEALING WITH SOLDIERS. * Listening and Watching * Responding * Guiding

5 TYPES OF COUNSELING: * Reception and Integration * Performance * Personal * Discipline * Professional Growth and Guidance

THE COUNSELING PROCESS: * PREPARE FOR COUNSELING Notify the soldier Schedule best time Choose a suitable place Decide the right atmosphere Plan the discussion

COUNSELING PROCESS (Cont’d) * CONDUCT A COUNSELING SESSION Opening the session Discussion Closing the session * FOLLOW UP ON COUNSELING Follow-up measures Written records

REACTIONS AND PITFALLS: * SOLDIER REACTIONS Nervousness Loss of temper Cooperation Desire to Quit Rational Disagreement “Too Easy” Agreement Determination to argue Attempts to shift blame

COUNSELING PITFALLS: * Personal Bias * Reluctance to counsel * Rash Judgements * Stereotyping * Loss of emotional control * Inflexible methods * Amateur character analysis * Improper follow-up

METHODS FOR TRAINING: * ROLE MODELING * FEEDBACK * ROLE PLAYING

TASK: Counseling Military Personnel CONDITIONS: Given FM 22-101 STANDARDS: IAW FM 22-101