Political Changes -Power of the Federal Gov’t is supreme : no state will secede again -extension of federal powers: did not lose state’s rights, only had more FED power -income taxes first used -citizens drafted into service -civil liberties suppressed Habeas Corpus

Economic Changes -growth of war related industries Construction of 1st NAT’l Railroad, and new laws about the Nat’l Bank -accept new paper currency -Northern industry grew stronger -southern economy is destroyed -must be rebuilt *40% of livestock destroyed *Much of the S’s RR & farm Machinery destroyed * 12% of Nation’s wealth

Built from 1863 - 1869

Costs of War -deaths 360,000 Union 260,000 Conf. -1/2 million wounded War causes a HUGE destruction to ways of life: family, education, job -about 20 billion $ 5 times the amount spent in the previous 80 years

Military Deaths in American Wars Casualties of the Civil War Affects 1.5 million men

Warfare Changes -new weapons rifles: better aim mini ball: more destructive trench warfare grenades submarine iron-clad ships : Could splinter wooden ships, withstand cannon fire and resist burning Monitor N Merrimack, S renamed VA

Lives Change -13th Amendment bans slavery -soldiers return to their homes -urban population grows -many move west -Homestead Act, 1862 -gave 160 acres to each settler to “improve” the land for 5 years -many families destroyed by deaths of soldiers

14th Amendment Defines citizenship and equal protection under the law

Lincoln’s Assassination -Lincoln’s Plan forgiving peace to restore the Union -At Ford’s Theatre just 5 days after the war’s end -John Wilkes Booth – assassin -First assassination of a President

Lincoln’s Assassination -Lincoln’s Plan forgiving peace to restore the Union -At Ford’s Theatre just 5 days after the war’s end -John Wilkes Booth -First assassination of a President

Lincoln’s Assassination -Lincoln’s Plan forgiving peace to restore the Union -At Ford’s Theatre just 5 days after the war’s end *Our American Cousin -John Wilkes Booth -First assassination of a President *"Sic semper tyrannis!"[25] the Latin Virginia state motto, meaning "Thus always to tyrants." Other accounts state that he also uttered "The South is avenged!"