Blood Groups/Types.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Blood Groups/Types. Blood Group Terms Antigens: chemical structures imparting specific properties to the surface of the RBC Antibodies: protein substance.

Advertisements

Blood Type Ch. 14 and Section 37.2.

BLOOD TYPES : 101.

ABO Blood Grouping Introduction Terry Kotrla, MS, MT(ASCP)BB.

ABO/D Blood Groups Understanding Critical For Safe Transfusions.

Blood components review What type of cell do you have the most of in your blood? What is the function of platelets? What 2 gases do RBCs carry? The decreased.

Blood Types/Groups HST II 2008.

HUMAN BLOOD R.B.C Red blood cells contain a special protein called hemoglobin, which contains iron and carries the oxygen to the body Red blood cells.

Pages  When blood is given intraveneously  Usually donated blood  Transfusions are given for:  Blood loss due to injury  Surgery  To supplement.

Multiple Alleles- Blood Typing. How common is your blood type? 46.1% 38.8% 11.1% 3.9%

BLOOD GROUPS FACTS ABOUT BLOOD GROUPS THE MOST IMPORTANT BLOOD GROUP IN THE U.S. IS THE ABO GROUP 3 ALLELES FOR THIS GROUP: A,B & O A PERSON CAN ONLY.

Chapter 11- Blood & Immunity

ABO Basics Blood group antigens are actually sugars attached to the red blood cell. Antigens are “built” onto the red blood cell. Individuals inherit a.

Human Blood Types. A person’s blood type is controlled by the genes they inherit from their parents. The combination of genes inherited controls what.

The Blood Group system HCT II. History of Blood Groups and Blood Transfusions Experiments with blood transfusions have been carried out for hundreds of.

Blood Types. Blood Types… Blood from the donor to the recipient must be compatible. The problem occurs when the protein (antigen) outer layer of the RBC.

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Blood Groups and Transfusions  Large losses of blood have serious consequences.

Blood Typing. If you lose more than 15-30% of your blood, pallor and weakness will result.

11.1 Blood Antigens Unit D – Human Systems. Antigens Antigens are protein markers found on the surface of cells. Act like an ID card.

BLOOD GROUPS BL Mtinangi Department of Physiology Hubert Kairuki Memorial University 4th December, 2015.

ESSENTIAL LIFE SUPPORTIVE FLUID Blood. Functions Transportation  Delivers O2 from Lungs and nutrients from digestive tract to all body cells  Transports.

L.O – Describe the use of antibodies and the making of vaccines.

Blood Physiology Lecture #6 Blood Groups & Blood Transfusion Professor A.M.A Abdel Gader MD, PhD, FRCP (Lond., Edin), FRSH (London) Professor of Physiology,

1 RBC’s (Erythrocytes). 2 ABO BLOOD TYPES Red blood cells have particular proteins on their surfaces. In combination with different (incompatible) kinds.

Blood group and ABO antigens

BLOOD COMPATIBILITY.

BLOOD GROUPS AGGLUTINOGENS (Antigens) Complex oligosaccharide substances on the surface of the RBC membrane AGGLUTININS Antibodies against agglutinogens.

Blood Typing. Blood Groups Karl Landsteiner in the 1900’s discovered blood typing.

A B AB O In 1900 Dr. Karl Landsteiner identified the four major human blood groups. They are? A, B, AB and O. By mixing plasma and red blood cells taken.

Health Occupations.  Identify key terms: Antigen & Antibody  Identify 4 Blood Types ◦ Antigens Present ◦ Antibodies Present ◦ Blood type donation/reception.

Rh Blood Type The Rhesus Factor

Determination of Human Blood Group

Blood Types The gene for producing blood has three variants:

The Lecture’s topics Blood groups ABO system *Transfusion reaction

Blood Groups or Blood Types

Multiple Alleles Blood Types.

Human Blood Typing (Multiple Alleles)

Blood Typing Health Occupations.

BLOOD GROUPS Blood groups are classified according to antigens on the membrane of RBCs called “Agglutinogen”, which are glycoprotein. The plasma may contain.

Assist. Prof.Dr. Sajeda Al-Chalabi

Blood Groups and Blood transfusion Physiology

TOPIC : BLOOD GROUP Presented by I. DEENA MUNEER BEGUM FINAL B.E

Determining Your Blood Type

Blood Groups and Blood Transfusion

The Blood Group Systems

Blood Types A B AB O.

Multiple Alleles- Blood Typing

Co-dominance Blood groups and Rhesus factor

Genetics of ABO Blood groups and Rhesus factor

Blood Types A AB B O Antibody Phenotype Genotype Homozygous Recessive

Blood Groups/Types.

The Blood Group Systems

The Lecture’s topics Blood groups ABO system *Transfusion reaction

“The blood is the life…….Mr. Renfield” Dracula

Blood grouping and cross matching

19-3 Blood Types Surface antigens

Section 14.1 & 14.2 Review.

HUMAN BLOOD Thanks to North Allegheny School District, Pittsburgh, PA

Blood Groups & Blood Transfusion

Blood typing – Multiple Allele Genetics at its best!

Bell Work 02/18/2015 Get out a new piece of paper to start a new round of Bell Works Put Today’s Date & Answer the Following Questions: What type of cell.

Multiple Alleles Three or more alleles of the same gene that code for a single trait. ABO & Rh blood groups are examples.

Blood grouping and cross matching

Presentation transcript:

Blood Groups/Types

Blood Group Terms Antigens: chemical structures imparting specific properties to the surface of the RBC Antibodies: protein substance developed in response to foreign body substances

Blood Group Systems Detected on the basis of specific reaction with corresponding antibody (either agglutination, lysis, or hemolysis) as a result of the presence or absence of the blood protein antigens on the RBC surface Inherited according to Mendelian laws Fully formed either at birth or in early postnatal life & persist throughout life

ABO System Discovered by Landsteiner in 1900 Prior to discovery, blood transfusions were hit or miss Type A, Type B, Type AB, & Type O

Type A 41% of population Has A antigens on the RBC surface Has anti-B antibodies in the plasma Genotypes AA & AO = Phenotype A

Type B 10% of population Has B antigens on the RBC surface Has anti-A antibodies in the plasma Genotype BB & BO = Phenotype B

Type AB 4 % of population Has A & B antigens on the RBC surface Has NO antibodies in the plasma Universal Recipient: can receive Type A, Type B, Type AB, or Type O blood  NO antibodies in plasma to react with antigens Genotypes: AB = Phenotype AB

Type O 45% of population Has NO antigens on RBC surface Has anti-A & anti-B antibodies in the plasma Universal Donor: can be given to any blood type  no antigens on the RBCs Genotype OO = Phenotype O

Rh System Discovered by Landsteiner & Wiener in 1937 Discovered in the Rhesus monkey Rh is an antigen on the RBC surface

Rh + has the antigens on the RBC (85% of population) Rh – does NOT have the Rh antigens Rh + can accept Rh + or Rh – blood Rh – can accept ONLY Rh - blood

Rh Incompatibility When Rh– person receives Rh+ blood in a transfusion  person develops antibodies against the Rh+ factor Clinical problem if second transfusion of Rh+ blood given  Rh antibodies will clump with the Rh antigens S & S of transfusion reaction: chills, fever, rash, itching, SOB, nausea, nephralgia, hematuria, shock & death

Erythroblastosis fetalis Rh– mother and Rh+ father  Rh+ child 1st pregnancy Mother develops antibodies to baby’s Rh+ antigens 2nd pregnancy with Rh+ child  mother’s anti-Rh antibodies attack unborn child’s RBCs Prevention: shot of Rhogam shortly after birth of first Rh+ baby to block development of antibodies

Erythroblastosis fetalis Antigen-antibody reaction due to mixing of Rh+ blood of fetus with Rh- blood of mother during 2nd Rh+ pregnancy Prevented with shot of Rhogam at birth of 1st Rh+ baby