Title of notes: Mineral properties pg Title of notes: Mineral properties pg. 7, 8, & 9 RS Goal for lesson: write on your self assessment I can list and describe all the properties of minerals.

Pick a science word and write the definition. Chapter 6 or glossary Bell work Pick a science word and write the definition. Chapter 6 or glossary Check the calendar! Student vue check!!!

I’ll know I’ve got it when… Learning target I can list and describe all the properties of minerals. Today I am… reviewing mineral notes and asking questions for better understanding. So that I’ll be able to… understand how a mineralogist identifies minerals. I’ll know I’ve got it when… I can correctly describe at least two properties to my table parnter.

Identifying minerals Some people wonder how scientists have identified over 3,500 minerals. Minerals have certain properties, or characteristics, that help to identify them. Amethyst Garnet Corundum

What do all minerals have in common? For a substance to be a mineral it must have these 5 characteristics: Formed by natural processes on or inside Earth- no help from humans Is inorganic- was never alive. For example, although coal was formed naturally in earth’s crust it came from plants and is therefore, not a mineral Is a solid, with definite volume and shape. Liquids cannot be minerals! Minerals always contains certain elements that give it a unique chemical composition (makeup). Some minerals are compounds which are made up of more than one element.

Mineral Properties Luster Hardness Color Cleavage Streak

Color Minerals come in a variety of colors. The same mineral can come in many different colors. Color can be misleading Many minerals will have a similar appearance, but will have different impurities Color and appearance are not enough to distinguish minerals Impurities can change the color of a mineral, weather can as well. Pyrite is golden in color but when weathered can become black.

Many minerals can be the same color. Below are gold colored minerals Many minerals can be the same color. Below are gold colored minerals. Which one is gold?

None of them were real gold. The answer… None of them were real gold.

Luster Luster is the way a surface reflects light. When you say an object is shiny or dull, you are describing luster. Two types of luster Metallic: looks like polished metal. Nonmetallic: does not look like polished metal. Nonmetallic can be shiny or dull. If a mineral is shiny, it has a metallic. If it is dull it has a submetallic or non-metallic. Cassiterite – metallic,

Pyrite has metallic luster

Quartz has nonmetallic luster

Hardness Hardness refers to the mineral’s resistance to be scratched. Diamonds cannot be scratched, talc for example can be scratched. Talc can be scratched with a penny.

Frederick Mohs (1773 – 1839) Created Moh’s hardness scale The scale characterizes the scratch resistance of various minerals through the ability of a harder material to scratch a softer material. The Mohs scale of mineral hardness characterizes the scratch resistance of various minerals through the ability of a harder material to scratch a softer material.

Moh’s Hardness Scale Using these ordinary materials of known hardness can be a simple way to approximate the position of a mineral on the scale. Determined by specific gravity, which means how many more times a mineral weighs compared to an equal amt of water.

Cleavage Minerals can break in different ways. Cleavage—minerals break along smooth, flat surfaces and every fragment has the same general shape

Fracture A mineral does not always make a clean break. Fracture—minerals that break at random with rough or jagged edges Some minerals break by only fracturing, but some can break in both ways (cleave and fracture)

Streak The color of the powdered form of the mineral We find a minerals streak by rubbing it on a white ceramic plate The color of the streak can be different than the mineral Minerals must be softer than the streak plate

Additional properties Magnestism Reaction with Acid Striations Specific Gravity Taste Odor Feel

Video Identifying minerals https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yfOYEwryk1w