Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini

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Presentation transcript:

Aim: To what extent are individuals willing to give up their rights for their country?

Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini Europe losing liberal, democratic values and falling to totalitarianism

Totalitarianism form of government that theoretically permits no individual freedom and that seeks to subordinate all aspects of individual life to the authority of the state

Hitler Speech, March 1936 https://www.youtube.com/w atch?v=9OFjOokYBD8 What elements of nationalism do we see in the speech? What is the purpose of the speech?

Totalitarianism Form of government that theoretically permits no individual freedom and that seeks to subordinate all aspects of individual life to the authority of the state. Relates to nationalism how?

Post-WWI Italy Problems: Angered over lack of territory gained in WWI, after joining Allies 1915 Economy in bad shape after the war Communism in the air…

Mussolini and Fascism Former history teacher and socialist, created and led the “fascist” political party [more on that later] Preyed on middle-class fears of communism

March on Rome (1922) -Marked beginning of fascist rule in Italy -Mussolini and his Blackshirts party marched into Rome -Paramilitary groups (thugs) put city under siege King of Italy granted Mussolini the position of prime minister, giving him contro of much of the gov.

Seizure of Power To avoid civil war, King of Italy granted Mussolini the position of prime minister, giving him control of much of the gov.

What is fascism?

Post-WWI Germany Weimar Republic-weak government of Germany after WWI, had parliament and elected president Agreed to Treaty of Versailles terms Rise of paramilitary groups Economy in ruins->

Hitler and Nazism Nazis=Far-right, anti- Semitic ultra nationalist party Blamed Jews for stabbing Germany in the back in WWI BUT ALSO HAD SOCIAL PROGRAMS… 1923-Hitler led party in attempted coup, failed and thrown in jail, used trial…

“My 4-1/2 year struggle against lies, stupidity, and cowardice” AKA Mein Kampf

1932: Nazis received 36% of the Vote Why? FEAR OF COMMUNISM by middle class and business men

1933 Burning of Reichstag Building Blamed on Dutch communist, probably set up by Hitler Leads to Enabling Acts, giving Hitler dictatorial powers

1936 Election in Germany Nazi Party won 99% of the vote, largely rigged election An example of a ballot: