What do all these objects have in common? Matter and its properties What do all these objects have in common?

All of the pictures are examples of matter. What is matter? Anything which has mass and volume space Volume is the amount of _________ an object takes up. You can measure the volume of a solid object by measuring the _________ x _________ x ________ of the object. height width length Let’s find the volume of your science book. What is the height? What is the length? What is the width? 28 cm 22 cm 3 cm What is the total volume? 1,848 cm3 What is mass? Mass is the amount of matter(atoms) in an object.

You can determine the mass of any object using a device called a Triple beam balance. The balance measures mass in grams Your science book has a mass of 2,177 grams There are _______ states of matter. 3 solid A _______ is a state of matter which has a definite(unchanging) shape. volume A solid has a definite ________. A solid also has a definite ________. mass liquid Do NOT Another state of matter is the ________. Liquids ________ have definite shape. volume mass Liquids have a definite _________. Liquids also have a definite _______. gas vapor Another state of matter is the _____ or _______. NO volume Gases have ____ definite shape. Gases also have no definite _________ mass Gases do have a definite __________.

The particles of a solid, liquid, and gas All matter is made up of small particles called ______ which are constantly in motion. atoms close Solids are made of particles(atoms) that are ________ together. The atoms are so _______ the atoms vibrate back and forth and can barely move. This causes the solid to keep its shape. packed liquid The atoms in a ________ are further apart and have room to slip past each other. This allows them to change shape easily. gas The atoms in a _____ are spaced out so much they move quickly and freely. Physical properties of matter Physical properties are characteristics of matter you can observe without _________ the identity of the substance. Which means without changing the substance into a totally new substance. changing

One physical property of matter is _______. mass matter One physical property of matter is _______. Mass is the amount of ________ in an object. weight Another physical property is ________. gravity Weight is the amount of ________ pulling on an object. Weight is measured with a ____________. Spring scale Weight changes with ___________ but mass does not. location volume Another physical property is __________. solid Volume can be measured with a ruler for __________ matter, but can be measured with a graduated cylinder for __________ matter. liquid

Yet another physical property of matter is ___________. density Another physical property of matter is ________. Density is the amount of ______ an object has in a given amount of _________. mass volume Yet another physical property of matter is ___________. solubility Solubility is the ability of one material being able to _________ into another material. dissolve Sugar and salt is _________ in water but sand is ____. soluble NOT Another physical property of matter is _________ point. melting solid liquid Melting point is the temperature needed to turn a _______ into a _______. 32o F 0o C The melting point of ice is _______ or _______ and the melting point of gold is ________ or ________. 1,950o F 1,065o C

Another physical property of matter is ____________. Boiling point gas Boiling point is the temperature in which a _____ turns into a _____. liquid 212o F The boiling point of water is _______ or ______ and the boiling point of olive oil is ______ or _____. 100o C 572o F 300o C magnetism In addition, _________ is a physical property of matter. Magnetism is the ability of some materials to be _________ to certain metals. attracted Furthermore, __________ is a physical property in which a substance can be hammered or rolled _____ or into thin sheets. malleable flat Lastly, another physical property is ___________ . conductivity heat Conductivity is the ability of _______ or _________ going through a material. electricity

The ability of a substance to combine(bond)with another substance and form a new substance is called a _____________ property. chemical The ability to ________ with oxygen is a chemical property. react oxygen When copper reacts(bonds) with _______, tarnish will form. new Tarnish is a ______ substance formed from the reaction which didn’t exist before. Flammability ____________ is the ability of a substance to burn easily. Carbon in the wood and oxygen in the air reacts(bond) to form a _____ substance. new rust Another chemical property is the ability to _____. Iron reacts(bonds) with oxygen and forms a ________ substance called __________. new rust

All matter goes through certain __________. changes physical These changes are either __________ or __________. chemical physical A __________ change does NOT change the matter’s identity, it only changes its size, shape, form, or state of matter. How can a person tell if matter has gone through a physical change? A person can always change matter back to its original self. Examples of physical changes Dissolving __________ The ability of a substance to mix evenly in another substance. If you dissolve sugar in water, are you changing the sugar or water into a new substance? NO, you can boil the water away and the sugar will be left behind. Change in state ____________ is the ability of matter to change from solid to liquid to a gas and back again. boil Ice will _______ into a liquid and it is still water made of H2O. Water can _______ into a gas and its is still made of H2O. Can you turn water vapor back into a liquid? _____ Can you turn water back into a solid? _____. Then it is just a __________ change. melt YES YES Physical

change into a new substance chemical A __________ change is a change in matter in which the substances which combine(bond) change into a new substance chemical How can a person tell if matter has gone through a chemical change? There are certain signs When two or more substances are mixed and _______________________ are produced--- This is a sure sign a chemical change has occurred. formation of gas bubbles You will know without a doubt matter has gone through a chemical change because you will ___________ be able to change it back into its original substance. NOT When two liquids are mixed and a _____________ forms, this is a sign a chemical change has occurred. precipitate Precipitate is a __________ formed from two liquids mixing. solid Can the precipitate be changed back into the original two liquids? Absolutely NOT

Another sign of a chemical change is a change in __________. color Another sign of a chemical change is a change in __________. Can the banana, leaves, fruit, bread, nail, match, and fireworks be changed back to their original self? Absolutely NOT heat When two or more substances are mixed and its give off _________(hot) or absorbs _________ (cold), this is a sure sign of a chemical change. heat During any chemical reaction when substances combine to make new substances, the mass does not ________. change For instance, when a 23 kg piece of wood has a reaction with oxygen and catches on fire, there will only be 1kg of wood left. Where did the other 22kg of wood go? It changed into 22 kg of a new substance called smoke, ash, and carbon dioxide.

Matter, anything made of atoms, cannot be ___________ or ___________. created destroyed Antoine Lavoisier A scientist named _______________________ discovered this phenomena. It is also known as ______________ Law. Lavoisier’s During a chemical reaction, the matter cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed into something _______. new