Food consumption patterns and nutritional status of adults in peri-urban Uganda: The case of Nangabo sub-county, Wakiso district Authors; Nathan Isabirye*, S. Kiwanuka, J. Mutyoba Makerere University, College of Health Science

Presentation outline Introduction and background Study aims and objectives Location of study site Methodology Data analysis Study findings Study limitations Conclusion Recommendations Acknowledgement

Introduction and background Globally, NCDs contributes 61% of all deaths; 80% in LICs Unhealthy diet a major determinant of NCDs (WHO, 2002 ) Mainly due to dietary transitions and globalization Recent survey in Uganda (UNDS,2011) indicated 19.2% prevalence of obesity and overweight among HHs Limited information available on dietary practices of the population Enriching available information, guide nutrition interventions

Study aims and objectives General objective To establish adults nutritional status, dietary intake and patterns among adults in Nangabo S/C, Wakiso district. Specific objectives This study assessed; 1.Nutritional status of adults in Nangabo S/C, Wakiso district 2.Average Daily Macronutrient Food intake (ADMFI) 3.Consumption patterns among adults in Nangabo S/C, Wakiso district

Location of study site Wakiso district as Peri-urban, borders Kampala city

Methodology Study design: Cross sectional study Sample size: 316 respondents Sampling technique: Respondents from an existing cohort by Mak-SPH 300 respondents were enrolled in the study Tools used: Food Frequency Questionnaire Standardized tools for physical measurements Weighing Scale & Measuring tapes

Data analysis Software utilized; EPI-data ver 3.1 and STATA version 10 Food intake frequencies categorized to obtain patterns ADMFI =nutrients in specified serving × frequency of intake/30 Nutrient intakes compared using RDAs (King et al, 1993) Logistic regression analysis utilized to assess associations

Study findings

Table 2: Nutritional status in comparison with demographic factors

Table 3: Respondents ADMFI over a one month period dietary recall

Table 4: Food consumption patterns of respondents over a month period

Study limitation Recall for 1 month difficult Minimized by listing all foods Results represent peri-urban, not generalizable

Conclusion Overall prevalence of overweight and obesity was 24.0% and 14.0% respectively More prevalent in women (32.9%, 23.4%) and in older age group Females had a higher extra intake than males for all macro- nutrients (0.6vs0.3, 0.8vs0.7, 0.6vs0.4) Staples and legumes were foods consumed daily. Considerable consumption of fats and oils were observed. Seasonally consumed foods were fruits and vegetables.

Recommendations Create awareness of the increasing rate of obesity Need to better understand obesity and related illness Initiate interventions based on our local settings Need for promotion of health habits and dietary practices Promote physical activity especially among females Government should engage in food security support Food preservation Backyard gardening – targeting peri-urban settings

Acknowledgement MaK-SPH NCD-Working group MaK-SPH NCD-Working group Suzanne Kiwanuka Joan Mutyoba David Guwatudde (FETP) Field Epidemiology Training program

Thank you!