Disenfranchisement

Poll tax Head tax Can’t vote until the tax is paid Always a law but Constitution of 1877 required all back taxes to be paid in full

Literacy Test Amendment to GA State Constitution under Governor Hoke Smith Required all applicants registering to vote to interpret sections of the US or GA State Constitutions

Grandfather Clause An exemption to the literacy test Person can vote if a veteran or a descendent of a veteran of the US or Confederate army or navy

County unit system Established by the Neill Primary Act of 1917 Applied only to primary elections Counties given 2 unit votes for each representative in the lower house

County unit system Rural vote had more weight than the urban vote Candidates did NOT need to win the popular vote to win an election Law in place until the 1960s