Continental Drift Moving continents _____________________– purposed that at one time there was only one type of supercontinent - Pangea Continents fit together like pieces of jigsaw puzzle _______________– composed of Europe, Asia, and North America ________________– composed of India, Africa, South America, Australia, and Antartica.

Figure 3-5 THE SUPERCONTINENT PANGEA.

Continental Drift Forces that drive continental movement magma moves by convection currents ____________________- form along cracks where magma breaks through the crust at ___________________old crust sinks into the mantle where it is recycled seafloor spreading causes continental drift

Figure 3-6 FORMATION OF OCEANIC CRUST AND MOUNTAINS.

Figure 3-7 SEAFLOOR SPREADING AND CONTINENTAL DRIFT.

Continental Drift Evidence for continental drift fit of continental boundaries ___________________ seafloor temperatures highest near ridges ___________________, as determined by samples drilled from the ocean bottom, increases with distance from a ridge

Figure 3-8 (upper) EARTHQUAKE ZONES AND TECTONIC PLATES.

Figure 3-8 (lower) EARTHQUAKE ZONES AND TECTONIC PLATES.

Figure 3-A MAGNETOMETER DATA.

Continental Drift Theory of ________________________ lithosphere is viewed as a series of rigid plates separated by earthquake belts _______________________________: located at midocean ridges where plates move apart convergent plate boundaries: located at trenches where plates move toward each other _________________: regions where plates move past each other (e.g. transform faults) rift zones: where lithosphere splits

Continental Drift _____________ (Deep Sea Vent) Communities depend on specialized environments found at divergence zones of the ocean floor first discovered by Robert Ballard and J.F. Grassle in 1977, in the Galápagos Rift primary producers are chemosynthetic bacteria